Skip to main content

Meticulous Transparency—An Evaluation Process for an Agile AI Regulatory Scheme

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 10868))

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) poses both great potential and risk, as a rapidly developing and generally applicable technology. To ensure the ethical development and responsible use of AI, we outline a new ethical evaluation framework for usage by future regulators: Meticulous Transparency (MT). MT allows regulators to keep pace with technological progress by evaluating AI applications for their capabilities and the intentionality of developers, rather than evaluating conformity to static regulations or ethical codes of the underlying technologies themselves. MT shifts the focus of ethical evaluation from the technology itself to instead why it is being built, and potential consequences. MT assessment is reminiscent of a Research Ethics Board submission in medical research, with required explanation depending on the potential impact of the AI system. We propose the use of MT to transform AI-specific ethical quandaries into more familiar ethical questions, which society must then address.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Asilomar AI Principles. https://futureoflife.org/ai-principles/. Accessed 24 Oct 2017

  • The Bioss AI Protocol. http://www.bioss.com/ai/. Accessed 16 Jan 2018

  • Bjornsdottir, R.T., Rule, N.O.: The visibility of social class from facial cues. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 113(4), 530–546 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C., Seff, A., Kornhauser, A., Xiao, J.: DeepDriving: learning affordance and direct perception in autonomous driving. In: IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 2722–2730. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardt, M., Price, E., Srebro, N.: Equality of Opportunity in Supervised Learning. arXiv:1610.02413 (2016)

  • Hughes, G.: Montreal AI pioneer warns against unethical uses of new tech. CBC News (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Artificial Intelligence–The Public Policy Opportunity. http://blogs.intel.com/policy/files/2017/10/Intel-Artificial-Intelligence-Public-Policy-White-Paper-2017.pdf. Accessed 16 Oct 2017

  • The IEEE Global Initiative for Ethical Consideration in Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Systems. http://standards.ieee.org/develop/indconn/ec/autonomous_systems.html. Accessed 20 Jan 2016

  • Information Technology Industry Council AI Policy Principles. https://www.itic.org/resources/AI-Policy-Principles-FullReport2.pdf. Accessed 20 Sept 2017

  • Open Letter on Autonomous Weapons. https://futureoflife.org/open-letter-autonomous-weapons. Accessed 29 Oct 2017

  • Jarcho, J.M., Berkman, E.T., Lieberman, M.D.: The neural basis of rationalization: cognitive dissonance reduction during decision-making. Soc. Cognit. Affect. Neurosci. 6(4), 460–467 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kavukcuoglu, K., Sermanet, P., Boureau, Y.-L., Gregor, K., Mathieu, M., Cun, Y.L.: Learning convolutional feature hierarchies for visual recognition. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 1, pp. 1090–1098 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, J., Mattu, S., Kirchner, L., Angwin, J.: How We Analyzed the COMPAS Recidivism Algorithm. ProPublica (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • Luo, W., Li, Y., Urtasun, R., Zemel, R.: Understanding the effective receptive field in deep convolutional neural networks. arXiv:1701.04128 (2017)

  • Nguyen A, Yosinski J, Clune J.: Deep neural networks are easily fooled: high confidence predictions for unrecognizable images. arXiv:1412.1897(v4) (2015)

  • Pan, H., Jiang, H.: A deep learning based fast image saliency detection algorithm. arXiv:1602.00577 (2016)

  • Russell, S., Dewey, D., Tegmark, M.: Research priorities for robust and beneficial artificial intelligence. AI Magaz. 36, 105–114 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiku, N.: Welcome to the Next Phase of the Facebook Backlash. Wired (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallach, W., Allen, C.: Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong. Oxford University Press, New York (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallach, W.: Toward a ban on lethal autonomous weapons: surmounting the obstacles. Commun. ACM 60(5), 28–34 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • World Medical Association: World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA 310(20), 2191–2194 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng, D., Chen, H., Lusch, R., Li, S.H.: Social media analytics and intelligence. IEEE Intell. Syst. 25(6), 13–16 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zevenbergen, B., Mittelstadt, B., Véliz, C., Detweiler, C., Cath, C., Savulescu, J., Whittaker, M.: Philosophy meets internet engineering: ethics in networked systems research. In: GTC Workshop Outcomes, pp. 1–37. Oxford University, Oxford (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoph, B., Yuret, D., May, J., Knight, K.: Transfer learning for low-resource neural machine translation. arXiv:1604.02201 (2016)

  • Montavon, G., Braun, M.L., Müller, K.-R.: Kernel analysis of deep networks. J. Mach. Learn. 12, 2563–2581 (2011)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Zeiler M. D., Fergus, R.: Visualizing and understanding convolutional networks. arXiv:1311.2901(v3) (2013)

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Dr. Wendell Wallach (Yale University) and to Dr. Jason Behrmann (aifred health), whose comments improved this article.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to David Benrimoh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Benrimoh, D., Israel, S., Perlman, K., Fratila, R., Krause, M. (2018). Meticulous Transparency—An Evaluation Process for an Agile AI Regulatory Scheme. In: Mouhoub, M., Sadaoui, S., Ait Mohamed, O., Ali, M. (eds) Recent Trends and Future Technology in Applied Intelligence. IEA/AIE 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10868. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92058-0_83

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92058-0_83

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-92057-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-92058-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics