Skip to main content

Towards Better Affect Detectors: Detecting Changes Rather Than States

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED 2018)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 10948))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Affect detection in educational systems has a promising future to help develop intervention strategies for improving student engagement. To improve the scalability, sensor-free affect detection that assesses students’ affective states solely based on the interaction data between students and computer-based learning platforms has gained more and more attention. In this paper, we present our efforts to build our affect detectors to assess the affect changes instead of affect states. First, we developed an affect-change model to represent the transitions between the four affect states; boredom, frustration, confusion and engagement concentration with ASSISTments dataset. We then reorganized and relabeled the dataset to develop the affect-change detector. The data science platform (e.g., RapidMiner) was adopted to train and evaluate the detectors. The result showed significant improvements over previously reported models.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ma, W., Adesope, O.O., Nesbit, J.C., Liu, Q.: Intelligent tutoring systems and learning outcomes: a meta-analysis. J. Educ. Psychol. 106(4), 901 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Steenbergen-Hu, S., Cooper, H.: A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of intelligent tutoring systems on college students’ academic learning. J. Educ. Psychol. 106(2), 331 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. San Pedro, M.O.Z., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S.M., Heffernan, N.T.: Towards an understanding of affect and knowledge from student interaction with an intelligent tutoring system. In: Lane, H.C., Yacef, K., Mostow, J., Pavlik, P. (eds.) AIED 2013. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 7926, pp. 41–50. Springer, Heidelberg (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39112-5_5

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Pardos, Z.A., Baker, R.S.J.d., San Pedro, M.O.C.Z, Gowda, S.M., Gowda, S.M.: Affective states and state tests: investigating how affect throughout the school year predicts end of year learning outcomes. In: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, pp. 117–124. ACM (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Pedro, M.O., Baker, R., Bowers, A., Heffernan, N.: Predicting college enrollment from student interaction with an intelligent tutoring system in middle school. In: Educational Data Mining 2013 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Pedro, S., Ofelia, M., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S., Heffernan, N.T.: Predicting STEM and Non-STEM college major enrollment from middle school interaction with mathematics educational software. In: EDM, pp. 276–279 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wang, Y., Heffernan, N.T., Heffernan, C.: Towards better affect detectors: effect of missing skills, class features and common wrong answers. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, pp. 31–35. ACM (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Botelho, A.F., Baker, R.S., Heffernan, N.T.: Improving sensor-free affect detection using deep learning. In: André, E., Baker, R., Hu, X., Rodrigo, Ma.Mercedes T., du Boulay, B. (eds.) AIED 2017. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 10331, pp. 40–51. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61425-0_4

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Mierswa, I., Wurst, M., Klinkenberg, R., Scholz, M., Euler, T.: Yale: rapid prototyping for complex data mining tasks. In: Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 935–940. ACM (2006)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jiaqi Gong .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Mandalapu, V., Gong, J. (2018). Towards Better Affect Detectors: Detecting Changes Rather Than States. In: Penstein Rosé, C., et al. Artificial Intelligence in Education. AIED 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10948. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93846-2_36

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93846-2_36

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-93845-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-93846-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics