Abstract
In the paper, we propose a new method for FPGA-based design of high-speed Algorithmic State Machine (ASM) controllers. The method is based on the introduction of additional states of the state machine in order to implement all transition functions in the single-level structures. In this method, such an optimization criterion as a critical path delay is applied already at the stage of converting the ASM chart to the state machine HDL description. The proposed method consists of two steps: determining the place of additional labels on the ASM chart and introducing additional states of FSM. Experimental results show that our approach achieves an average performance gain of 20.43% to 27.41% (for various FPGA devices) compared with the traditional synthesis method. The maximum performance increase achieved is 59.17%. At the same time, the method slightly increases the cost of implementation by an average of 5.13% to 5.19%, but in some cases even reduces the cost.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Glushkov, V.: Automaton theory and formal microprogram transformation. Cybernetics 1, 1–8 (1968)
Clare, C.: Designing Logic Systems Using the State Machines. McGraw-Hill, New York (1973)
Green, D.H., Chughtai, M.A.: Use of multiplexers in the direct synthesis of ASM-based designs. IEEE Proc. E, Comput. Digit. Tech. 133(4), 194–200 (1986)
Baranov, S.: Logic Synthesis for Control Automata. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Boston (1994)
Lu, J.Y., Kim, J.D., Chin, S.K.: Hardware composition with hardware flowcharts and process algebras. In: 2nd IEEE International Conference on Engineering of Complex Computer Systems Proceedings, pp. 352–364. IEEE, Montreal, Canada (1996)
Baranov, S.: Minimization of algorithmic state machines. In: 24th Euromicro Conference Proceedings, pp. 176–179. IEEE, Vasteras, Sweden (1998)
Levin, I., Sinelnikov, V., Karpovsky, M.: Synthesis of ASM-based self-checking controllers. In: Euromicro Symposium on Digital Systems Design Proceedings, pp. 87–93. IEEE, Warsaw, Poland (2001)
De Pablo, S., Cáceres, S., Cebrián, J.A., Berrocal, M.: A proposal for ASM ++ diagrams. In: Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits and Systems Proceedings, pp. 1–4. IEEE, Krakow, Poland (2007)
Barkalov, A., Titarenko, L., Bieganowski, J.: Reduction in the number of LUT elements for control units with code sharing. Int. J. Appl. Math. Comput. Sci. 20(4), 751–761 (2010)
Barkalov, A., Titarenko, L., Bieganowski, J.: Logic Synthesis for Finite State Machines Based on Linear Chains of States. SSDC, vol. 113. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59837-6
Hertwig, A., Wunderlich, H.: Fast controllers for data dominated applications. In: European Design and Test Conference (ED & TC 1997) Proceedings, pp. 84–89. IEEE, Paris, France (1997)
Czerwinski, R., Kania, D.: State assignment and optimization of ultra-high-speed FSMs utilizing tristate buffers. ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst. (TODAES) 22(1) (2016). Article 3
Kim, E., Lee, D., Saito, H., Nakamura, H., Lee, J., Nanya, T.: Performance optimization of synchronous control units for datapaths with variable delay arithmetic units. In: ASP-DAC Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference Proceedings, pp. 816–819. IEEE, Kitakyushu (2003)
Weng, S., Kuo, Y., Chang, S.: Timing optimization in sequential circuit by exploiting clock-gating logic. ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst. (TODAES) 17(2) (2012). Article 16
Bommu, S., O’Neill, N., Ciesielski, M.: Retiming-based factorization for sequential logic optimization. ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst. (TODAES) 5(3), 373–398 (2000)
Huang, S.: On speeding up extended finite state machines using catalyst circuitry. In: ASP-DAC 2001 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (DAC 2006) Proceedings, pp. 583–588. IEEE, Yokohama (2001)
Gupta, G.R., Gupta, M., Panda, P.R.: Rapid estimation of control delay from high-level specifications. In: 43rd Design Automation Conference Proceedings, pp. 455–458. ACM, San Francisco, USA (2010)
Salauyou, V., Klimowicz, A., Grzes, T., Bulatowa, I., Dimitrowa-Grekow, T.: Synthesis methods of finite state machines implemented in package ZUBR. In: 6th International Conference Computer-Aided Design of Discrete Devices (CAD DD2007) Proceedings, pp. 53–56. National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk (2007)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grant S/WI/3/2018 (from the Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland) founded by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Salauyou, V., Bulatowa, I. (2018). Synthesis of High-Speed ASM Controllers with Moore Outputs by Introducing Additional States. In: Saeed, K., Homenda, W. (eds) Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management. CISIM 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11127. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99954-8_34
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99954-8_34
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-99953-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-99954-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)