Abstract
One of the main objectives of research in Natural Language generation (NLG) is to account for linguistic variation in a systematic way. Research on linguistic politeness provides important clues as to the possible causes of linguistic variation and the ways in which it may be modelled formally. In this paper we present a simple language generation model for choosing the appropriate surface realisations of tutoring responses based on the politeness notion of face. We adapt the existing definition of face to the demands of the educational genre and we demonstrate how a politeness driven NLG system may result in a more natural and a more varied form of linguistic output.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Allen, J.F., Perrault, C.R.: Analyzing intention in utterances. Artificial Intelligence 15, 143–178 (1980)
Bateman, J.A.: Enabling technology for multilingual natural language generation: the KPML development environment. Natural Language Engineering 3(1), 15–55 (1997)
Brown, P., Levinson, S.: Politeness: Some Universals in Language Use. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1987)
Cassell, J., Bickmore, T.: Negotiated collusion: Modeling social language and its relationship effects in intelligent agents. User Modeling and Adaptive Interfaces (2002)
Chi, M.T.H., Siler, S.A., Jeong, H., Yamauchi, T., Hausmann, R.G.: Learning from human tutoring. Cognitive Science 25, 471–533 (2001)
Cohen, P. R.: On knowing what to say: Planning speech acts. Technical Report 118, University of Toronto (1978)
Fetzer, A.: No Thanks: a socio-semantic approach. Linguistik 14, 137–160 (2003)
Halliday, M.A.K.: An Introduction to Functional Grammar. Edward Arnold, London (1985)
Leech, G.N.: Language and tact, Amsterdam (1980)
Lepper, M.R., Chabay, R.W.: Socializing the intelligent tutor: Bringing empathy to computer tutors. In: Mandl, Lesgold (eds.) Learning Issues for Intelligent Tutoring Systems, pp. 114–137. Springer, Heidelberg (1988)
Lepper, M.R., Woolverton, M., Mumme, D.L., Gurtner, J.: Motivational Techniques of Expert Human Tutors: Lessons for the Design of Computer-Based Tutors ch.3, pp. 75–107. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale (1993)
Malone, T.W., Lepper, M.R.: Making learning fun: A taxonomy of intrinsic motivations for learning. In: Snow, R.E., Farr, M.J. (eds.) Aptitude, Learning and Instruction: Conative and Affective Process Analyses, vol. 3, pp. 223–253. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale (1987)
Penstein-Rose, C., Di Eugenio, B., Moore, J.D.: A dialogue based tutoring system for basic electricity and electronics. In: Lajoie, V.M. (ed.) Artificial Intelligence in Education, p. 759. IOS Press, Amsterdam (1999)
Porayska-Pomsta, K., Mellish, C.S., Pain, H.: Aspects of speech act categorization: Towards generating teachers language. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 11(3), 254–272 (2000)
Porayska-Pomsta, K.: Influence of situational context on language production: Modelling teachers corrective responses. PhD thesis, University of Edinburgh (2003)
Searle, J.: Speech Acts. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1969)
Walker, M.A., Cahn, J.E., Whittaker, S. J.: Improvising Linguistic Style: Social and Affective Bases for Agent Personality. In: Proc. of the First International Conference on Autonomous Agents (1997)
Wojtczuk, K.: Zachowania jezykowe nauczycieli wsytuacji lekcji szkolnej. PhD thesis, Uniwersytet Siedlecki (1996)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Porayska-Pomsta, K., Mellish, C. (2004). Modelling Politeness in Natural Language Generation. In: Belz, A., Evans, R., Piwek, P. (eds) Natural Language Generation. INLG 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 3123. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27823-8_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27823-8_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-22340-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-27823-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive