User Customization Methods Based on Mental Models: Modular UI Optimized for Customizing in Handheld Device

Abstract

The ongoing conflict designers face between the Universal User Interface, focusing on general predispositions, and the Customized User Interface, adjusted to individualistic characteristics, is more prevalent than ever. One reason for this enduring conflict is that mobile devices require that user interfaces (UI) be optimized for each individual user across a global marketplace. This issue inspired us to build a conceptual model of a UI, which supports the maximization of customization and optimization by reflecting personal characteristics. This Modular (each application is defined as its own modular and can be assembled and disassembled) UI was based on four premises: what is reflected, how it was grouped, how it was provided, its affect. Usability testing of the UI was performed in three countries with 8 user groups from each country. Web surveys and FGI (Focus Group Interview) for with 8 user groups from the three countries showed that this type of modular UI can effectively optimize interactions for largely diverse groups of users. This research on customization for user experience is significant because it can generate its users with an optimum interface that aligns with their unique set of biological and cultural characteristics. This study also shows a need for additional research analyzing cultural elements of optimized UI in order to deepen our level of understanding of the influence of cultural factors on the usability of handheld device UIs.