Abstract
Wireless sensor networks are widely deployed for a wide range of applications for gathering information about the environment, monitoring huge building etc. However, the limited energy of the sensor nodes requires efficient gathering of information so that the network lifetime is increased. In literature it is proved that this efficiency can be achieved by clustering the sensor nodes in the network. Previously we proposed a single hop genetic based clustering protocol (GCA) for sensor networks. However, multi-hop routing techniques are known to be a practical approach to solving the problem of routing in sensor networks. In this paper, we present a new robust clustering based multi-hop routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. The proposed genetic clustering algorithm (M-GCA) employs evolutionary techniques to form an efficient virtual backbone. This backbone is used to support routing messages to the base station. Simulation results show that the proposed multi-hop routing protocol outperforms GCA, a single-hop clustering protocol in several scenarios.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Akyildiz, M., Su, W., Sankarasubramaniam, Y., Cayirci, E.: A Survey on Sensor Networks. IEEE Communications Magazine (2002)
Heinzelman, W., Chandrakasan, A., Balakrishnan: Energy Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Micro Sensor Networks. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2000)
Younis, O., Fahmy, S.: Distributed Clustering for Scalable, Long-Lived Sensor Networks. Purdue University, Technical Report, CSD TR-03-026 (2003)
Dharia, S.: Thesis: A Resource-Aware Distributed Bluetooth Scatternet Formation Algorithm and Its Application To Wireless Sensor Networks (2003)
Amis, A., Prakash, R., Vuong, T., Huynh, D.: Max-Min D-Cluster Formation in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, Tel Aviv (2000)
Gupta, G., Younis, M.: Load-Balanced Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Proceedings of the Int. Conference on Communication, Anchorage, AK (2003)
Lindsey, S., Raghavendra, C.: PEGASIS: Power Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems. In: International Conference on Communications (2001)
Manjeshwar, A., Agrawal, D.: TEEN: A Routing Protocol for enhanced efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Int. Proc. of the 15th Parallel and Dist. Processing Symposium (2001)
Basagni, S., Chlamtac, I., Farago, A.: A Generalized Clustering Algorithm for Peer-to-Peer Networks. In: Workshop on Algorithmic Aspects of Com., Bologna, Italy (July 1997)
Heinzelman, W.: Application-Specific Protocol Architectures for Wireless Networks. PhD Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2000)
MIT μAMPS project ns2 code extensions (2007), http://www-mtl.mit.edu/research/icsystems/uamps/research/leach/leach_code.shtml
NS2 LEACH Implementation: Jason Pamplin (2004), http://www.internetworkflow.com/downloads/ns2leach/mit.tar.gz
Rappaport, T.: Wireless Communications: Principles & Practice. Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey (1996)
Cormen, T., Leiserson, C., Rivest, R., Stein, C.: Introduction to Algorithms, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York (2001)
Ibriq, J., Mahgoub, I.: Cluster-Based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks: Issues and Challenges. In: Proceedings of the 2004 Symposium on Performance Evaluation of Computer Telecommunication Systems (2004)
Network Simulator (2007), http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns
Mudundi, S., Ali, H.: A New Robust Genetic Algorithm for Dynamic Cluster Formation in Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Proceedings of Wireless and Optical Communications, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (May 2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mudundi, S., Ali, H. (2007). A Robust Scalable Cluster-Based Multi-hop Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Stojmenovic, I., Thulasiram, R.K., Yang, L.T., Jia, W., Guo, M., de Mello, R.F. (eds) Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications. ISPA 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4742. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74742-0_79
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74742-0_79
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-74741-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-74742-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)