Glowworm Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Hazard Sensing in Ubiquitous Environments Using Heterogeneous Agent Swarms

Introduction

Ubiquitous computing based environments may be defined as human surroundings that are furnished with a network of intelligent computing devices, which could be either stationary or mobile (or an assortment of both), in order to service certain human- generated or needed tasks. Mark Weiser introduced ubiquitous computing, in its current form, in 1988 at the Computer Science Lab at Xerox PARC and wrote some of the earliest papers on ubiquitous computing (Weiser 1999).Ubiquitous computing based environments have several applications to the industry like environmental monitoring (Kim et al. 2007), ubiquitous factory environments (Jabbar et al. 2007), and self-sensing spaces (El-Zabadani et al. 2007). Kim et al. (Kim et al. 2007) develop a framework that uses ubiquitous sensor networks for atmospheric environment monitoring. Jabbar et al.(Jabbar et al. 2007) present methods that integrate latest technologies like RFID, PDA, and Wi-Fi in order to transform a nuclear power plant into an ubiquitous factory environment where effective data communication among local area operators and control room and minimization of work duration and errors in wake of safety requirements are achieved. El-Zabadani et al. (El-Zabadani et al. 2007) propose a novel approach to mapping and sensing smart spaces in which a mobile platform equipped with on-board RFID modules identifies and locates RFID-tags that are embedded in the carpet in the form of a grid.