Skip to main content

Leakage-Aware Energy Efficient Scheduling for Fixed-Priority Tasks with Preemption Thresholds

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 5139))

Abstract

Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS), which adjusts the clock speed and supply voltage dynamically, is an effective technique in reducing the energy consumption of embedded real-time systems. However, most existing DVS algorithms focus on reducing the energy consumption of CPU only, ignoring their negative impacts on task scheduling and system wide energy consumption. In this paper, we address one of such side effects, an increase in task preemptions due to DVS. We present energy-efficient Fixed-priority with preemption threshold (EE-FPPT) scheduling algorithm to solve this problem. First, we propose an appropriate schedulability analysis, based on response time analysis, for supporting energy-efficient FPPT scheduling in hard real-time systems. Second, we prove that a task set achieves the minimal energy consumptions under Maximal Preemption Threshold Assignment (MPTA).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Kim, W., Kim, J., Min, S.L.: A dynamic voltage scaling algorithm for dynamic-priority hard real-time systems using slack time analysis. In: Paris, F. (ed.) Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exposition, pp. 788–794. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kim, W., Kim, J., Min, S.L.: Dynamic voltage scaling algorithm for fixed-priority real-time systems using work-demand analysis. In: Roh, I.V., Hyung (eds.) ISLPED, Seoul, Korea, pp. 396–401. ACM, New York (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Sakurai, T., Newton, A.R.: Alpha-power law mosfet model and its applications to cmos inverterdelay and other formulas. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 25(2), 584–594 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Padmanabhan Pillai, K.G.S.: Real-time dynamic voltage scaling for low-power embedded operating systems. In: 18th ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles, Chateau Lake Louise, Banff, Alberta, Canada, vol. 35, pp. 89–102. ACM, New York (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kim, W., Shin, D., Yun, H.S., Kim, J., Min, S.L.: Performance comparison of dynamic voltage scaling algorithms for hard real-time systems. In: 8th IEEE Real Time Technology and Applications Symposium, San Jose, CA, USA, pp. 219–228. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Lee, S., Min, S.L., Kim, C.-S., Lee, C.-G., Lee, M.: Cache-conscious limited preemptive scheduling. Real-Time Systems 17(2-3), 257–282 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Saewong, S., Rajkumar, R.: Practical voltage-scaling for fixed-priority rt-systems. In: 9th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium, Toronto, Canada, pp. 106–114. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Vishnu Swaminathan, K.C.: Pruning-based, energy-optimal, deterministic i/o device scheduling for hard real-time systems. ACM Transactions on Embeded Computing Systems 4(1), 141–167 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Liu, C.L., Layland, J.W.: Scheduling algorithms for multiprogramming in a hard-real-time environment. Journal of the ACM 20(1), 46–61 (1973)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. George, L., Nicolas Rivierre, M.S.: Preemptive and non-preemptive real-time uniprocessor scheduling. Technical Report RR-2966, INRIA, France (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Manas Saksena, Y.W.: Scalable real-time system design using preemption thresholds. In: 21st IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, pp. 25–34 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Wang, Y., Saksena, M.: Scheduling fixed-priority tasks with preemption threshold. In: 6th International Workshop on Real-Time Computing and Applications Symposium, Hong Kong, China, pp. 328–335. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Chen, J., Ashif Harji, P.B.: Solution space for fixed-priority with preemption threshold. In: 11th IEEE Real Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS 2005), San Francisco, CA, USA, pp. 385–394. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Regehr, J.: Scheduling tasks with mixed preemption relations for robustness to timing faults. In: IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, pp. 315–326 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Muller, F.: Timing analysis for instruction caches. Real-Time Systems 18(2/3), 217–247 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Park, C.Y.: Predicting program execution times by analyzing static and dynamic program paths. Real-Time Systems 5(1), 31–62 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Chen, J.: Extensions to Fixed Priority with PreemptionThreshold and Reservation-Based Schedulin. Ph.D thesis, University of Waterloo (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  18. University, E.: The paparazzi project (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Nemer, F., Cassé, H., Sainrat, P., Bahsoun, J.P., De Michiel, M.: Papabench: a free real-time benchmark. In: Mueller, F. (ed.) 6th Intl. Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) Analysis, Germany, Internationales Begegnungs- und Forschungszentrum fuer Informatik (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, vol. 06902 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Shin, Y., Choi, K., Sakurai, T.: Power optimization of real-time embedded systems on variable speed processors. In: Sentovich, E. (ed.) 2000 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, San Jose, California, USA, IEEE, Los Alamitos (2000)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

He, X., Jia, Y. (2008). Leakage-Aware Energy Efficient Scheduling for Fixed-Priority Tasks with Preemption Thresholds. In: Tang, C., Ling, C.X., Zhou, X., Cercone, N.J., Li, X. (eds) Advanced Data Mining and Applications. ADMA 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 5139. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88192-6_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88192-6_35

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-88191-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-88192-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics