Abstract
In the research field of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), a cooperative effort has been undertaken by several international organizations to define standards and specifications for interoperable systems. The Web Processing Service (WPS) is one of the most recent specifications of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). It is designed to standardize the way that GIS calculations are made available to the Internet.
We present in this paper a WPS to perform Toponym Resolution. This service defines two geospatial operations. The first operation, getAll, returns all possible geographic descriptions with the requested name ordered by a relevance ranking. The second operation, getMostProbable, filters the result and returns only the most probable geographic description. Furthermore, both operations can be parameterized according to the level of detail needed in the result.
This work has been partially supported by “Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia” (PGE y FEDER) ref. TIN2006-16071-C03-03, by “Xunta de Galicia” ref. PGIDIT05SIN10502PR and ref. 2006/4, by “Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia” ref. AP-2006-03214 (FPU Program) for Oscar Pedreira, and by “Dirección Xeral de Ordenación e Calidade do Sistema Universitario de Galicia, da Consellería de Educación e Ordenación Universitaria-Xunta de Galicia” for Diego Seco.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Worboys, M.F.: GIS: A Computing Perspective. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2004)
ISO/IEC: Geographic Information – Reference Model. International Standard 19101, ISO/IEC (2002)
Open GIS Consortium, Inc.: OpenGIS Reference Model. OpenGIS Project Document 03-040, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. (2003)
Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Association: Online documentation (retrieved, May 2007), http://www.gsdi.org/
Open GIS Consortium, Inc.: OpenGIS Web Processing Service Implementation Specification. OpenGIS Standard 05-007r7, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. (2007)
Leidner, J.L.: Toponym Resolution in text: ”Which Sheffield is it?”. In: Proceedings of the the 27th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference (SIGIR 2004), Sheffield, UK (abstract, doctoral consortium)(2004)
Jones, C.B., Purves, R., Ruas, A., Sanderson, M., Sester, M., van Kreveld, M., Weibel, R.: Spatial information retrieval and geographical ontologies an overview of the SPIRIT project. In: Proceedings of the 25th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 387–388 (2002)
Baeza-Yates, R., Ribeiro-Neto, B.: Modern Information Retrieval. Addison-Wesley, Reading (1999)
Zheng, G., Su, J.: Named entity tagging using an hmm-based chunk tagger. In: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 209–219 (2002)
Luaces, M.R., Paramá, J.R., Pedreira, O., Seco, D.: An ontology-based index to retrieve documents with geographic information. In: Ludäscher, B., Mamoulis, N. (eds.) SSDBM 2008. LNCS, vol. 5069, pp. 384–400. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Open GIS Consortium, Inc.: Gazetteer Profile of WFS (WFS-G) Specification. Opengis project document, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. (2006)
Library, A.D.: Gazetteer (retrieved September 2007), http://www.alexandria.ucsb.edu/gazetteer/
Getty, T.: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (retrieved, September 2007), http://www.getty.edu/research/conducting_research/vocabularies/tgn/
Geonames: Gazetteer (retrieved, September 2007), http://www.geonames.org
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO): Global Administrative Unit Layers (GAUL) (retrieved, September 2007), http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=12691
National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA): Vector Map Level 0 (retrieved, September 2007), http://www.mapability.com
Amitay, E., Har’El, N., Sivan, R., Soffer, A.: Web-a-where: geotagging web content. In: Proceedings of 27th annual international ACM SIGIR, pp. 273–280 (2004)
Rauch, E., Bukatin, M., Baker, K.: A confidence-based framework for disambiguating geographic terms. In: Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 2003 workshop on Analysis of geographic references, pp. 50–54 (2003)
Lieberman, M.D., Samet, H., Sankaranarayanan, J., Sperling, J.: STEEWARD: Architecture of a Spatio-Textual Search Engine. In: Proceedings of the 15th ACM Int. Symp. on Advances in Geographic Infomation Systems (ACMGIS 2007), pp. 186–193 (2007)
Michaelis, C.D., Ames, D.P.: Evaluation and implementation of the ogc web processing service for use in client-side gis. Geoinformatica (2008)
Cepický, J.: Ogc web processing service and it’s usage. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium GIS Ostrava (2008)
Open GIS Consortium, Inc.: OpenGIS Geographic Markup Language (GML) Encoding Standard. Opengis standard, Open GIS Consortium, Inc. (2007)
52 North: Geoprocessing (retrieved, December 2007), http://52north.org/
Foerster, T., Stoter, J.: Establishing an ogc web processing service for generalization process. In: Proceedings of the Workshop of the ICA Commission on Map Generalisation and Multiple Representation (2006)
Gamma, E., Helm, R., Johnson, R., Vlissides, J.: Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-oriented Software. Addison-Wesley, Reading (1996)
FWTools: Open Source GIS Binary Kit for Windows and Linux (retrieved, September 2007), http://fwtools.maptools.org
Refractions Research: PostGIS (retrieved, June 2007), http://postgis.refractions.net
The JUMP Project: JUMP Unified Mapping Platform (retrieved, January 2008), http://www.jump-project.org/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ladra, S., Luaces, M.R., Pedreira, O., Seco, D. (2008). A Toponym Resolution Service Following the OGC WPS Standard. In: Bertolotto, M., Ray, C., Li, X. (eds) Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems. W2GIS 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5373. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89903-7_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89903-7_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-89902-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-89903-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)