Abstract
Motion information is special to video. It provides enough space for watermark embedding. However, the watermark embedded in motion information is usually not robust. In this paper, a robust watermarking algorithm which embeds watermark in motion vectors of P frames is proposed. The reason why the watermark embedded in motion vector is not robust to recompression is that the watermarked motion vector will be changed when the video is recompressed. In order to improve the watermark robustness to recompression, we present to modify the pixel of the current block while embedding watermark bit in its motion vector. In order to minimize the perceptual degradation of video quality, we adopt our previously proposed geometrical method. The experimental results demonstrate the strong robustness of the scheme against common signal processing operations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Kutter, M., Jordan, F., Ebrahimi, T.: Proposal of a watermarking technique for hiding/retrieving data in compressed and decompressed video. Technical report M2281, ISO/IEC document, JTC1/SC29/WG11 (1997)
Zhang, J., Li, J.G., Zhang, L.: Video Watermark Technique in Motion Vector. In: Proc of the XIV Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 2001, pp. 179–182 (2001)
Kung, C.H., Jeng, J.H., Lee, Y.C., Hsiao, H.H., Cheng, W.S.: Video Watermarking Using Motion Vector. In: Proc. of 16th IPPR Conference on computer vision, graphics and image processing, 2003, pp. 547–551 (2003)
Liu, Z.N., Liang, H.Q., Niu, X.X., Yang, Y.X.: A Robust Video Watermarking in Motion Vectors. In: Proc. of ICSP 2004, vol. 3, pp. 2358–2361 (2004)
Hartung, F., Girod, B.: Watermarking of uncompressed and compressed video. Signal Processing 66(3) (May 1998)
Antonio, C.H., Mariko, N.M., Luis, R.C.: Robust Video Watermarking Using Perceptual Information and Motion Vector. In: Proc. of IEEE Northeast Workshop 2007, pp. 811–814 (2007)
Ling, H.F., Lu, Z., Zou, F.: New real-time watermarking algorithm for compressed video in VLC domain. In: Proceedings of ICIP 2004, pp. 2171–2174 (2004)
Zhang, J., Li, J., Zhang, L.: Video Watermark Technique in Motion Vector. In: Computer Graphics and Image Processing 2001, pp. 179–182 (2004)
Li, J., Liu, H.M., Huang, J.W., Zhang, Y.P.: A Robust Watermarking Scheme for H.264. In: Proc. of the7th International Workshop on Digital Watermarking 2008, pp. 9–23 (2008)
George, M., Chouinard, J., Georganas, N.: Digital watermarking of images and video using direct sequence spread spectrum techniques. In: Proc. of 1999 IEEE Canadian Conf. Electrical and Computer Engineering, May 1999, vol. 1, pp. 116–121 (1999)
Qiu, G., Marziliano, P., Ho, A.T.S., He, D., Sun, Q.B.: A Hybrid Watermarking Scheme for H.264/AVC Video. In: Proc. of Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2004, vol. 4, pp. 865–869 (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Li, H., Li, J., Liu, H. (2009). A Robust Watermarking for MPEG-2. In: Ho, A.T.S., Shi, Y.Q., Kim, H.J., Barni, M. (eds) Digital Watermarking. IWDW 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5703. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03688-0_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03688-0_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-03687-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-03688-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)