Abstract
It has been observed that there are interesting relations between planning and agent programming. This is not surprising as agent programming was partially motivated by the lack of planners that are able to operate in dynamic, complex environments. Vice versa it has also been observed, however, that agent programming languages typically lack planning capabilities. We show in this paper that the agent programming language Goal is not only a programming language but can actually be used as a planning formalism as well. This opens up many possibilities for various approaches to mix execution and planning in agent-oriented programming. Moreover, by using the recently introduced temporal Goal we are able to include not only the stratified axioms and ADL that are part of PDDL but also plan constraints.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Apt, K.R., Bol, R.: Logic programming and negation: A survey. Journal of Logic Programming 19, 9–71 (1994)
Bacchus, F., Kabanza, F.: Using temporal logics to express search control knowledge for planning. Artificial Intelligence 16, 123–191 (2000)
Baier, J., McIlraith, S.: Planning with first-order temporally extended goals using heuristic search. In: Proceedings of the 21st National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 2006), Boston, MA, July 2006, pp. 788–795 (2006)
Bordini, R.H., Dastani, M., Dix, J., El Fallah Seghrouchni, A. (eds.): Multi-Agent Programming: Languages, Platforms and Applications. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Cerrito, S., Mayer, M.C.: Using Linear Temporal Logic to Model and Solve Planning Problems. In: Giunchiglia, F. (ed.) AIMSA 1998. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 1480, pp. 141–152. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)
Cohen, P.R., Levesque, H.J.: Intention Is Choice with Commitment. Artificial Intelligence 42, 213–261 (1990)
Emerson, E.A.: Temporal and Modal Mogic. In: van Leeuwen, J. (ed.) Handbook of Theoretical Computer Science (1990)
Gerevini, A., Long, D.: Plan constraints and preferences in PDDL3. Technical report, Department of Electronics for Automation, University of Brescia (2005)
Hindriks, K.V.: Modules as Policy-Based Intentions. In: Dastani, M.M., El Fallah Seghrouchni, A., Ricci, A., Winikoff, M. (eds.) ProMAS 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4908, pp. 156–171. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Hindriks, K.V., van Riemsdijk, M.B., van der Hoek, W.: Agent programming with temporally extended goals. In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS 2009 (2009)
Mayer, M.C., Limongelli, C., Orlandini, A., Poggioni, V.: Linear temporal logic as an executable semantics for planning languages. Journal of Logic, Language and Information 16 (2007)
Pednault, E.P.D.: ADL and the State-Transition Model of Action. Journal of Logic and Computation 4(5), 467–512 (1994)
Röger, G., Helmert, M., Nebel, B.: On the Relative Expressiveness of ADL and Golog. In: Proc. of the Eleventh Int. Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR 2008), pp. 544–550. AAAI Press, Menlo Park (2008)
Sardina, S., de Silva, L.P., Padgham, L.: Hierarchical planning in BDI agent programming languages. In: Proc. of the Fifth Int. Conference of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS 2006), pp. 1001–1008 (2006)
Thiébaux, S., Hoffmann, J., Nebel, B.: In defense of PDDL axioms. Artificial Intelligence 168, 38–69 (2005)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hindriks, K.V., Roberti, T. (2009). GOAL as a Planning Formalism. In: Braubach, L., van der Hoek, W., Petta, P., Pokahr, A. (eds) Multiagent System Technologies. MATES 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 5774. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04143-3_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04143-3_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-04142-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-04143-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)