Abstract
The drive for greater detail in scientific computing and digital photography is creating demand for ultra-resolution images and visualizations. Such images are best viewed on large displays with enough resolution to show “big picture” relationships concurrently with fine-grained details. Historically, large scale displays have been rare due to the high costs of equipment, space, and maintenance. However, modern tiled displays of commodity LCD monitors offer large aggregate image resolution and can be constructed and maintained at low cost. We present a discussion of the factors to consider in constructing tiled LCD displays and an evaluation of current approaches used to drive them based on our experience constructing displays ranging from 36 Mpixels to 307 Mpixels. We wish to capture current practices to inform the design and construction of future displays at current and larger scales.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
NASA (2009), http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/bluemarble
The Electron Microscopy Outreach Program (2008), http://em-outreach.ucsd.edu/
DeFanti, T.A., Leigh, J., Renambot, L., Jeong, B., Verlo, A., Long, L., Brown, M., Sandin, D.J., Vishwanath, V., Liu, Q., Katz, M.J., Papadopoulos, P., Keefe, J.P., Hidley, G.R., Dawe, G.L., Kaufman, I., Glogowski, B., Doerr, K.-U., Singh, R., Girado, J., Schulze, J.P., Kuester, F., Smarr, L.: The OptiPortal, a Scalable Visualization, Storage, and Computing Interface Device for the OptiPuter. Future Generation Computer Systems 25, 114–123 (2009)
Moreland, K., Wylie, B., Pavlakos, C.: Sort-Last Parallel Rendering for Viewing Extremely Large Data Sets on Tile Displays. In: IEEE Symposium on Parallel and Large-Data Visualization and Graphics, pp. 85–92 (2001)
Bierbaum, A., Hartling, P., Morillo, P., Cruz-Neira, C.: Implementing Immersive Clustering with VR Juggler. In: Gervasi, O., Gavrilova, M.L., Kumar, V., Laganá, A., Lee, H.P., Mun, Y., Taniar, D., Tan, C.J.K. (eds.) ICCSA 2005. LNCS, vol. 3482, pp. 1119–1128. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Doerr, K.U., Kuester, F. (2009), http://vis.ucsd.edu/~cglx/
Eilemann, S., Makhinya, M., Pajarola, R.: Equalizer: A Scalable Parallel Rendering Framework. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 15, 436–452 (2009)
Yost, B., Haciahmetoglu, Y., North, C.: Beyond Visual Acuity: The Perceptual Scalability of Information Visualizations for Large Displays. In: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems (CHI), April 2007, pp. 101–110 (2007)
Ball, R., North, C.: An Analysis of User Behavior on High-Resolution Tiled Displays. In: Tenth IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, pp. 350–364 (2005)
Ball, R., Varghese, M., Carstensen, B., Cox, E.D., Fierer, C., Peterson, M., North, C.: Evaluating the Benefits of Tiled Displays for Navigating Maps. In: International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, pp. 66–71 (2005)
Czerwinski, M., Smith, G., Regan, T., Meyers, B., Robertson, G., Starkweather, G.: Toward Characterizing the Productivity Benefits of Very Large Displays. In: Eighth IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (2003)
Czerwinski, M., Tan, D.S., Robertson, G.G.: Women Take a Wider View. In: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 195–201 (2002)
Shupp, L., Andrews, C., Kurdziolek, M., Yost, B., North, C.: Shaping the Display of the Future: The Effects of Display Size and Curvature on User Performance and Insights. Human-Computer Interaction (to appear) (2008)
Shupp, L., Ball, R., Yost, B., Booker, J., North, C.: Evaluation of Viewport Size and Curvature of Large, High-Resolution Displays. In: Graphics Interface (GI), pp. 123–130 (2006)
Ball, R., North, C., Bowman, D.A.: Move to Improve: Promoting Physical Navigation to Increase User Performance with Large Displays. In: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems, pp. 191–200 (2007)
Dourish, P.: Seeking a Foundation for Context-Aware Computing. Human-Computer Interaction 16(2), 229–241 (2001)
Dourish, P.: Where the Action Is: The Foundations of Embodied Interaction. MIT Press, Cambridge (2001)
Ball, R., North, C.: Realizing Embodied Interaction for Visual Analytics through Large Displays. Computers & Graphics 31(3), 380–400 (2007)
Ball, R., North, C.: The Effects of Peripheral Vision and Physical Navigation in Large Scale Visualization. In: Graphics Interface, pp. 9–16 (2008)
NASA (2005), http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/pia04182
NASA (2008), http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/media/releases/ssc2008-11/ssc2008-11a.shtml
Phan, S., Lawrence, A.: Tomography of Large Format Electron Microscope Tilt Series: Image Alginment and Volume Reconstruction. In: 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, pp. 176–182 (2008)
Springel, V., White, S.D.M., Jenkins, A., Frenk, C.S., Yoshida, N., Gao, L., Navarro, J., Thacker, R., Croton, D., Helly, J., Peacock, J.A., Cole, S., Thomas, P., Couchman, H., Evrard, A., Colberg, J., Pearce, F.: Simulations of the Formation, Evolution and Clustering of Galaxies and Quasars. Nature 435, 629–636 (2005)
Shapiro, P.R., Iliev, I.T., Mellema, G., Pen, U.-L., Merz, H.: The Theory and Simulation of the 21-cm Background from the Epoch of Reionization. In: The Evolution of Galaxies through the Neutral Hydrogen Window (AIP Conf. Proc.) (2008)
Kim, J., Park, C., Gott III, J.R., Dubinski, J.: The Horizon Run N-Body Simulation: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Topology of Large Scale Structure of the Universe. The Astrophysical Journal (submitted) (2009)
Dawson, C., Westerink, J., Kubatko, E., Proft, J., Mirabito, C.: Hurricane Storm Surge Simulation on Petascale Computers. In: TeraGrid 2008 presentation (2008)
Donzis, D., Yeung, P., Sreenivasan, K.: Energy Dissipation Rate and Enstrophy in Isotropic Turbulence: Resolution Effects and Scaling in Direct Numerical Simulations. Physics of Fluids 20 (2008)
KVM sans V (2009), http://kvmsansv.com/multi-megapixel_displays.html
JVC (2009), http://pro.jvc.com/prof/attributes/features.jsp?model_id=mdl101793
Sony Electronics Inc. (2009), http://pro.sony.com/bbsc/ssr/cat-projectors/cat-ultrahires/
Jaynes, C., Seales, W., Calvert, K., Fei, Z., Griffioen, J.: The Metaverse: a Networked Colleciton of Inexpensive, Self-Configuring, Immersive Environments. In: Proceedings of the EuroGraphics Workshop on Virtual Environments (EGVE), pp. 115–124 (2003)
Davies, C.: JVC create 35-megapixel 8k x 4k projector LCD. SlashGear.com (2008)
Ni, T., Schmidt, G.S., Staadt, O.G., Livingston, M.A., Ball, R., May, R.: A Survey of Large High-Resolution Display Technologies, Techniques, and Applications. In: IEEE Virtual Reality 2006, pp. 223–234 (2006)
Johnson, G.P., Navrátil, P.A., Gignac, D., Schulz, K.W., Minyard, T.: The Colt Visualization Cluster. Technical Report TR-07-03, Texas Advanced Computing Center (2007)
Laboratory for Information Visualization and Evaluation, Virginia Tech. (2009), http://infovis.cs.vt.edu/gigapixel/index.html
Texas Advanced Computing Center (2009), http://www.tacc.utexas.edu/resources/vislab/
Distributed Multihead X Project (2004), http://dmx.sourceforge.net/
Renambot, L., Rao, A., Singh, R., Jeong, B., Krishnaprasad, N., Vishwanath, V., Chandrasekhar, V., Schwarz, N., Spale, A., Zhang, C., Goldman, G., Leigh, J., Johnson, A.: SAGE: the scalable graphics architecture for high resolution displays. In: Proceedings of WACE 2004 (2004)
Humphreys, G., Houston, M., Ng, R., Frank, R., Ahern, S., Kirchner, P.D., Klosowski, J.T.: Chromium: a Stream-Processing Framework for Interactive Rendering on Clusters. In: ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 693–702 (2002)
Mitra, T., Chiueh, T.: Implementation and Evaluation of the Parallel Mesa Library. In: International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pp. 84–91 (1998)
Wylie, B., Pavlakos, C., Lewis, V., Moreland, K.: Scalable Rendering on PC Clusters. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 21, 62–70 (2001)
Staadt, O.G., Walker, J., Nuber, C., Hamann, B.: A Survey and Performance Analysis of Software Platforms for Interactive Cluster-Based Multi-Screen Rendering. In: IPT/EGVE, pp. 261–270 (2003)
3DRender.com (2009), http://www.3drender.com/challenges/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Navrátil, P.A., Westing, B., Johnson, G.P., Athalye, A., Carreno, J., Rojas, F. (2009). A Practical Guide to Large Tiled Displays. In: Bebis, G., et al. Advances in Visual Computing. ISVC 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5876. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10520-3_93
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10520-3_93
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-10519-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-10520-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)