Abstract
Understanding the neural control and mechanics of human eye movement has significant implications for treating vision disorders. A computational model incorporating physiological properties and nonlinear kinematics of the oculomotor plant’s geometry and extraocular muscle (EOM) mechanics is desirable for scientific studies and clinical applications. We simulate realistic three-dimensional eye fixation using a new biomechanical simulation framework. We model EOMs as a collection of “strands,” which are modeling elements for musculotendon mechanics based on splines with inertia. Anatomical variations in EOM and globe geometry across individuals can be taken into account. Complicated nonlinear EOM mechanics as well as the recently discovered pulleys are included in the computation. The resulting model generates realistic gaze positions and trajectories given EOM innervations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Boyd, S., Vandenberghe, L.: Convex Optimization. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2004)
Clark, R.A., Miller, J.M., Demer, J.L.: Three-dimensional location of human rectus pulleys by path inections in secondary gaze positions. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 41, 3787–3797 (2000)
Collins, C.C.: Orbital mechanics. In: The control of eye movements, pp. 283–325. Academic Press, New York (1971)
Collins, C.C., O’Meara, D., Scott, A.B.: Muscle tension during unrestrained human eye movements. Journal of Physiology 245(2), 351–369 (1975)
Haslwanter, T., Buchberger, M., Kaltofen, T., Hoerantner, R., Priglinger, S.: SEE++: Biomechanical model of the oculomotor plant. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1039, 9–14 (2005)
Kono, R., Clark, R.A., Demer, J.L.: Active pulleys: Magnetic resonance imaging of rectus muscle paths in tertiary gazes. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 43, 2179–2188 (2002)
Miller, J.M.: Functional anatomy of normal human rectus muscles. Vision Research 29, 223–240 (1989)
Miller, J.M., Pavlovski, D.S., Shamaeva, I.: Orbittm 1.8 gaze mechanics simulation. Eidactics, San Francisco (1995)
Miller, J.M., Robinson, D.A.: A model of the mechanics of binocular alignment. Computers and Biomedical Research 17(5), 436–470 (1984)
Murray, R.M., Sastry, S.S., Zexiang, L.: A Mathematical Introduction to Robotic Manipulation. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton (1994)
Piccirelli, M., Luechinger, R., Rutz, A.K., Boesiger, P., Bergamin, O.: Extraocular muscle deformation assessed by motion-encoded MRI during eye movement in healthy subjects. Journal of Vision 7(10), 1–10 (2007)
Porter, J.D., Baker, R.S., Ragusa, R.J., Brueckner, J.K.: Extraocular muscles: basic and clinical aspects of structure and function. Survey of Ophthalmology 39, 451–484 (1995)
Qin, H., Terzopoulos, D.: D-nurbs: A physics-based framework for geometric design. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 2(1), 85–96 (1996)
Quaia, C., Optican, L.M.: Commutative saccadic generator is su_cient to control a 3-D ocular plant with pulleys. Journal of Neurophysiology 79, 3197–3215 (1998)
Quaia, C., Optican, L.M.: Dynamic eye plant models and the control of eye movement. Strabismum 11(1), 17–31 (2003)
Quaia, C., Shan, X., Tian, J., Ying, H., Optican, L.M., Walker, M., Tamargo, R., Zee, D.S.: Acute superior oblique palsy in the monkey: effects of viewing conditions on ocular alignment and modelling of the ocular motor plant. Progress in Brain Research 171, 47–52 (2008)
Raphan, T.: Modeling control of eye orientation in three dimensions:i. role of muscle pulleys in determining saccadic trajectory. Journal of Neurophysiology 79, 2653–2667 (1998)
Robinson, D.A.: The mechanics of human saccadic eye movement. Journal of Physiology 174, 245–264 (1964)
Robinson, D.A.: A quantitative analysis of extraocular muscle cooperation and squint. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 14, 801–825 (1975)
Robinson, D.A.: Models of the mechanics of eye movements. Models of Oculomotor Behavior and Control, 21–41 (1981)
Robinson, D.A., OMeara, D.M., Scott, A.B., Collins, C.C.: Mechanical components of human eye movements. Journal of Applied Physiology 26(5), 548–553 (1969)
Schnablok, C., Raphan, T.: Modeling three-dimensional velocity to position transformation in oculomotor control. Journal of Neurophysiology 71, 623–638 (1994)
Simonsz, H.J., Spekreijse, H.: Robinson’s computerized strabismus model comes of age. Strabismus 4(1), 25–40 (1996)
Sueda, S., Kaufman, A., Pai, D.K.: Musculotendon simulation for hand animation. ACM Transactions of Graphics (Proc. SIGGRAPH 2008) 27(3) (2008)
Sylvestre, P.A., Cullen, K.E.: Quantitative analysis of abducens neuron discharge dynamics during saccadic and slow eye movements. Journal of Neurophysiology 82, 2612–2632 (1999)
Wei, Q., Sueda, S., Miller, J.M., Demer, J.L., Pai, D.K.: Subject-specific reconstruction of the human orbit from magnetic resonance images. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, pp. 105–108 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Wei, Q., Sueda, S., Pai, D.K. (2010). Biomechanical Simulation of Human Eye Movement. In: Bello, F., Cotin, S. (eds) Biomedical Simulation. ISBMS 2010. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5958. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11615-5_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11615-5_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-11614-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-11615-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)