Abstract
Computing tight performance bounds in feed-forward networks under general assumptions about arrival and server models has turned out to be a challenging problem. Recently it was even shown to be NP-hard [1]. We now address this problem in a heuristic fashion, building on a procedure for computing provably tight bounds under simple traffic and server models. We use a decomposition of a complex problem with more general traffic and server models into a set of simpler problems with simple traffic and server models. This set of problems can become prohibitively large, and we therefore resort to heuristic methods such as Monte Carlo. This shows interesting tradeoffs between performance bound quality and computational effort.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bouillard, A., Jouhet, L., Thierry, E.: Tight performance bounds in the worst-case analysis of feed-forward networks. Tech. Rep. RR-7012, Unité de recherche INRIA Rennes (2009)
Cruz, R.L.: A calculus for network delay, Part I: Network elements in isolation. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 37, 114–131 (1991)
Cruz, R.L.: A calculus for network delay, Part II: Network analysis. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 37, 132–141 (1991)
Cruz, R.L.: Quality of service guarantees in virtual circuit switched networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 13, 1048–1056 (1995)
Sariowan, H., Cruz, R.L., Polyzos, G.C.: Scheduling for quality of service guarantees via service curves. In: Proc. IEEE ICCCN, September 1995, pp. 512–520 (1995)
Chang, C.-S.: On deterministic traffic regulation and service guarantees: A systematic approach by filtering. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 44, 1097–1110 (1998)
Le Boudec, J.-Y.: Application of network calculus to guaranteed service networks. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 44, 1087–1096 (1998)
Agrawal, R., Cruz, R.L., Okino, C., Rajan, R.: Performance bounds for flow control protocols. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 7, 310–323 (1999)
Ciucu, F., Burchard, A., Liebeherr, J.: A network service curve approach for the stochastic analysis of networks. In: Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS, June 2005, pp. 279–290 (2005)
Le Boudec, J.-Y., Thiran, P.: Calculus A Theory of Deterministic Queuing Systems for the Internet. LNCS, vol. 2050. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Baccelli, F., Cohen, G., Olsder, G.J., Quadrat, J.-P.: Synchronization and Linearity: An Algebra for Discrete Event Systems. Probability and Mathematical Statistics. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester (1992)
Chang, C.-S.: Performance Guarantees in Communication Networks. Telecommunication Networks and Computer Systems. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
Braden, R., Clark, D., Shenker, S.: Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture: an Overview. RFC 1633, Informational (June 1994)
Blake, S., Black, D., Carlson, M., Davies, E., Wang, Z., Weiss, W.: An Architecture for Differentiated Service. RFC 2475 (Informational). Updated by RFC 3260 (December 1998)
Schmitt, J., Roedig, U.: Sensor network calculus - a framework for worst case analysis. In: Prasanna, V.K., Iyengar, S.S., Spirakis, P.G., Welsh, M. (eds.) DCOSS 2005. LNCS, vol. 3560, pp. 141–154. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Koubaa, A., Alves, M., Tovar, E.: Modeling and worst-case dimensioning of cluster-tree wireless sensor networks. In: Proc. IEEE RTSS, pp. 412–421 (2006)
Skeie, T., Johannessen, S., Holmeide, O.: Timeliness of real-time ip communication in switched industrial ethernet networks. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 2, 25–39 (2006)
Chakraborty, S., Kuenzli, S., Thiele, L., Herkersdorf, A., Sagmeister, P.: Performance evaluation of network processor architectures: Combining simulation with analytical estimation. Computer Networks 42(5), 641–665 (2003)
Kim, H., Hou, J.: Network calculus based simulation: theorems, implementation, and evaluation. In: Proc. IEEE INFOCOM (March 2004)
Chang, C.-S.: Stability, queue length and delay of deterministic and stochastic queueing networks. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 39, 913–931 (1994)
Andrews, M.: Instability of fifo in session-oriented networks. In: Proc. SODA, March 2000, pp. 440–447 (2000)
Charny, A., Le Boudec, J.-Y.: Delay bounds in a network with aggregate scheduling. In: Crowcroft, J., Roberts, J., Smirnov, M.I. (eds.) QofIS 2000. LNCS, vol. 1922, pp. 1–13. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
Jiang, Y.: Delay bounds for a network of guaranteed rate servers with fifo aggregation. Computer Networks 40(6), 683–694 (2002)
Zhang, Z.-L., Duan, Z., Hou, Y.T.: Fundamental trade-offs in aggregate packet scheduling. In: Proc. ICNP, November 2001, pp. 129–137 (2001)
Starobinski, D., Karpovsky, M., Zakrevski, L.A.: Application of network calculus to general topologies using turn-prohibition. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 11(3), 411–421 (2003)
Fidler, M., Sander, V.: A parameter based admission control for differentiated services networks. Computer Networks 44(4), 463–479 (2004)
Lenzini, L., Martorini, L., Mingozzi, E., Stea, G.: Tight end-to-end per-flow delay bounds in fifo multiplexing sink-tree networks. Performance Evaluation 63(9), 956–987 (2006)
Urvoy-Keller, G., Hébuterne, G., Dallery, Y.: Traffic engineering in a multipoint-to-point network. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 20, 834–849 (2002)
Le Boudec, J.-Y., Charny, A.: Packet scale rate guarantee for non-fifo nodes. In: Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, June 2002, pp. 23–26 (2002)
Le Boudec, J.-Y., Rizzo, G.: Pay bursts only once does not hold for non-fifo guaranteed rate nodes. Performance Evaluation 62(1-4), 366–381 (2005)
Echagüe, J., Cholvi, V.: Worst case burstiness increase due to arbitrary aggregate multiplexing. In: Proc. of VALUETOOLS. ACM, New York (2006)
Rajagopal, S., Reisslein, M., Ross, K.W.: Packet multiplexers with adversarial regulated traffic. In: Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, March 1998, pp. 347–355 (1998)
Schmitt, J., Zdarsky, F.: The DISCO Network Calculator - a toolbox for worst case analysis. In: Proc. of VALUETOOLS. ACM, New York (2006)
Bouillard, A., Thierry, E.: An algorithmic toolbox for network calculus. Tech. Rep. RR-6094, Unité de recherche INRIA Rennes (2007)
Schmitt, J.B., Zdarsky, F.A., Martinovic, I.: Improving Performance Bounds in Feed-Forward Networks by Paying Multiplexing Only Once. In: 14th GI/ITG Conference on Measurement, Modeling, and Evaluation of Computer and Communication Systems (MMB 2008), Dortmund, Germany, GI/ITG (March 2008)
Schmitt, J.B., Zdarsky, F.A., Fidler, M.: Delay Bounds under Arbitrary Multiplexing: When Network Calculus Leaves You in the Lurch... In: 27th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM 2008), Phoenix, AZ, USA (April 2008)
Schmitt, J., Zdarsky, F., Fidler, M.: Delay bounds under arbitrary multiplexing. Technical Report 360/07, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany (July 2007)
Hooke, R., Jeeves, T.A.: ”‘Direct Search’” Solution of Numerical and Statistical Problems. J. ACM 8(2), 212–229 (1961)
Gollan, N., Zdarsky, F.A., Martinovic, I., Schmitt, J.B.: The DISCO Network Calculator. In: 14th GI/ITG Conference on Measurement, Modeling, and Evaluation of Computer and Communication Systems (MMB 2008), Dortmund, Germany, GI/ITG (2008)
Zdarsky, F., Schmitt, J., Gollan, N.: The DISCO Network Calculator, http://disco.informatik.uni-kl.de/content/Network_Calculator (last accessed 2009-10-09)
Eikland, K., Notebaert, P., et al.: lp_solve: A Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) solver, http://sourceforge.net/projects/lpsolve/ (last accessed 2009-10-09)
Shenker, S., Partridge, C., Guerin, R.: Specification of Guaranteed Quality of Service. RFC 2212 (Proposed Standard) (September 1997)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kiefer, A., Gollan, N., Schmitt, J.B. (2010). Searching for Tight Performance Bounds in Feed-Forward Networks. In: Müller-Clostermann, B., Echtle, K., Rathgeb, E.P. (eds) Measurement, Modelling, and Evaluation of Computing Systems and Dependability and Fault Tolerance. MMB&DFT 2010. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5987. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12104-3_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12104-3_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-12103-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-12104-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)