Abstract
Each person holds numerous values that represent what is believed to be important. As a result, our values influence our behavior and influence practical reasoning. Various argumentation approaches use values to justify actions, but assume knowledge about whether state transitions promote or demote values. However, this knowledge is typically disputable, since people give different meanings to the same value. This paper proposes an argumentation mechanism to argue about the meaning of an value and thus about whether state transitions promote or demote values. After giving an overview of how values are defined in social psychology, this paper defines values as preference orders and introduces several argument schemes to reason about preferences. These schemes are used to give meaning to values and to determine whether values are promoted or demoted. Furthermore, value systems are used for practical reasoning and allow resolving conflicts when pursuing your values. An example is given of how the new argument schemes can be used to do practical reasoning using values.
The research reported here is part of the Interactive Collaborative Information Systems (ICIS) project, supported by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, grant nr: BSIK03024.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Rokeach, M.: The nature of human values. Free Press, New York (1973)
Schwartz, S.: Universals in the content and structure of values: theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in experimental social psychology 25, 1–65 (1992)
Atkinson, K., Bench-Capon, T., McBurney, P.: Computational representation of practical argument. Synthese 152(2), 157–206 (2006)
Bench-Capon, T.: Persuasion in practical argument using value-based argumentation frameworks. Journal of Logic and Computation 13(3), 429–448 (2003)
Grasso, F., Cawsey, A., Jones, R.: Dialectical argumentation to solve conflicts in advice giving: A case study in the promotion of healthy nutrition. International Journal of Human-Computers Studies 53(6), 1077–1115 (2000)
Rohan, M.: A rose by any name? the values construct. Personality and Social Psychology Review 4(3), 255–277 (2000)
Castelfranchi, C., Miceli, M.: A cogntivie approach to values. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 19(2), 170–193 (1989)
Atkinson, K., Bench-Capon, T.: Addressing moral problems through practical reasoning. Journal of Applied Logic 6(2), 135–151 (2008); Selected papers from the 8th International Workshop on Deontic Logic in Computer Science
Perelman, C., Olbrechts-Tyteca, L.: The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation. University of Notre Dame Press (1969)
Schwartz, S., Bilsky, W.: Toward a universal psychological structure of human values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 53(3), 550–562 (1987)
Schwartz, S.: Robustness and fruitfulness of a theory of universals in individual values. Valores e trabalho (Values and work). Editora Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, pp. 56–95 (2005) (Též manuskript, 2003b)
Atkinson, K., Bench-Capon, T.: Practical reasoning as presumptive argumentation using action based alternating transition systems. Artificial Intelligence 171(10-15), 855–874 (2007)
Cohen, P., Levesque, H.: Intention is choice with commitment. Artificial Intelligence 42(2-3), 213–261 (1990)
Rao, A.S., Georgeff, M.P.: Modeling rational agents within a bdi-architecture, pp. 473–484 (1991)
Searle, J.R.: Rationality in Action. Bradford Books (2001)
Walton, D.: Argumentation Schemes for Presumptive Reasoning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah (1996)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
van der Weide, T.L., Dignum, F., Meyer, J.J.C., Prakken, H., Vreeswijk, G.A.W. (2010). Practical Reasoning Using Values. In: McBurney, P., Rahwan, I., Parsons, S., Maudet, N. (eds) Argumentation in Multi-Agent Systems. ArgMAS 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 6057. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12805-9_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12805-9_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-12804-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-12805-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)