Skip to main content

3D Head Pose Estimation and Tracking Using Particle Filtering and ICP Algorithm

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 6169))

Abstract

This paper addresses the issue of 3D head pose estimation and tracking. Existing approaches generally need huge database, training procedure, manual initialization or use face feature extraction manually extracted.

We propose a framework for estimating the 3D head pose in its fine level and tracking it continuously across multiple Degrees of Freedom (DOF) based on ICP and particle filtering. We propose to approach the problem, using 3D computational techniques, by aligning a face model to the 3D dense estimation computed by a stereo vision method, and propose a particle filter algorithm to refine and track the posteriori estimate of the position of the face.

This work comes with two contributions: the first concerns the alignment part where we propose an extended ICP algorithm using an anisotropic scale transformation. The second contribution concerns the tracking part. We propose the use of the particle filtering algorithm and propose to constrain the search space using ICP algorithm in the propagation step.

The results show that the system is able to fit and track the head properly, and keeps accurate the results on new individuals without a manual adaptation or training.

This work is sponsored by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Osadchy, M., Miller, M.L., Cun, Y.L.: Synergistic face detection and pose estimation with energy-based models. Machine Learning Research 1, 1197–1215 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Balasubramanian, V., Ye, J., Panchanathan, S.: Biased manifold embedding: A framework for person-independent head pose estimation. In: IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Fu, Y., Huang, T.: Graph embedded analysis for head pose estimation. In: IEEE Int’l. Conf. Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pp. 3–8 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Yan, S., Zhang, Z., Fu, Y., Hu, Y., Tu, J., Huang, T.: Learning a person-independent representation for precise 3d pose estimation. In: Workshop Classification of Events Activities and Relationships (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Niyogi, S., Freeman, W.: Example-based head tracking. In: Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pp. 374–378 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Murphy-Chutorian, E., Doshi, A., Trivedi, M.M.: Head pose estimation for driver assistance systems: A robust algorithm and experimental evaluation. Intelligent Transportation Systems 1, 709–714 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Stiefelhagen, R., Yang, J., Waibel, A.: Modeling focus of attention for meeting indexing based on multiple cues. IEEE Trans. Neural Networks 1, 928–938 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kruger, N., Potzsch, M., von der Malsburg, C.: Determination of face position and pose with a learned representation based on labeled graphs. Machine Learning Research 1, 665–673 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Wu, J., Trivedi, M.M.: A two-stage head pose estimation framework and evaluation. Pattern Recognition 41, 1138–1158 (2008)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Raytchev, B., Yoda, I., Sakaue, K.: Head pose estimation by nonlinear manifold learning. Pattern Recognition 1, 462–466 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Wang, J.-G., Sung, E.: EM enhancement of 3D head pose estimated by point at infinity. Image and Vision Computing 1, 1864–1874 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Breitenstein, M.D., Kuettel, D., Weise, T., van Gool, L.: Real-time face pose estimation from single range images. In: CVPR (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Malassiotis, S., Strintzis, M.G.: Robust real-time 3D head pose estimation from range data. Pattern Recognition 38, 1153–1165 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Morency, L.P., Rahimi, A., Darrell, T.: Adaptative view-based apperance models. In: Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 1803 – 1810 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Breitenstein, M.D.: Pose estimation for face recognition using stereo cameras. Ph.D. dissertation, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Chen, Q., Yao, J., Cham, W.K.: 3d model based pose invariant face recognition from multiple views. Computer Vision, IET 1, 25–34 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Morency, L.P., Sundberg, P., Darrell, T.: Pose estimation using 3D view-based eigenspaces. In: IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures. AMFG 2003, vol. 1, pp. 45 – 52 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Terada, K., Oba, A., Ito, A.: 3D human head tracking using hypothesized polygon model. In: IEEE International Conference on ISystem, Man and Cybernetics, vol. 2, pp. 1396 – 1401 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Murphy-Chutorian, E., Trivedi, M.M.: Head pose estimation in computer vision: A survey. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 31, 607–626 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Boufarguine, M., Baklouti, M., Guitteny, V., Couvet, S.: Real-time dense disparity estimation using cuda’s api. In: Internation Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Application, VISAPP (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Zinsser, T., Schmidt,J., Niemann, H.: A refined ICP algorithm for robust 3-D correspondence estimation. Image Processing (ICIP 2003), vol. 2 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Chavarria, M.A., Sommer, G.: Structural ICP algorithm for pose estimation based on local features

    Google Scholar 

  23. Jost, T., Hugli, H.: A multi-resolution ICP with heuristic closest point search for fast and robust 3D registration of range images. In: 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Rusinkiewicz, S., Levoy, M.: Efficient variants of the ICP algorithm. In: Third International Conference on 3D Digital Imaging and Modeling (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Fleury, C.: Le KD-Tree: une methode de subdivision spatiale, Universite de Rennes 1, INSA (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Zhou, K., Hou, Q., Wang, R., Guo, B.: Real-time KD-tree construction on graphics hardware. In: International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2008) (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Arun, K.S., Huang, T.S., Blostein, S.D.: Least square fitting of two 3-d point sets. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 9(5), 698–700 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Horn, B.K.P.: Closed-form solution of absolute orientation using unit quaternions. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 4, 629–642 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Walker, M.W., Shao, L., Volz, R.A.: Estimating 3-d location parameters using dual number quaternions. In: CVGIP: Image Understanding, vol. 54, pp. 358–367 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Horn, B.K.P., Hilden, H.M., Negahdaripour, S.: Closed-form solution of absolute orientation using orthonormal matrices. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 5(7), 1127–1135 (1988)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  31. Lorusso, A., Eggert, D., Fisher, R.: A comparison of four algorithms for estimating 3-d rigid transformations. In: 4th British Machine Vision Conference, BMVC ’95 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Umeyama, S.: Least-squares estimation of transformation parameters between two points. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 13, 376–380 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Shao-Yi, D., Nan-Ning, Z., Shi-Hui, Y., Qubo, Y.: An Extension of the ICP Algorithm Considering Scale Factor

    Google Scholar 

  34. Brown, R.G., Hwang, P.Y.C.: Introduction to Random Signals and Applied Kalman Filtering, 2nd edn. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester (1996)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Menezes, P., Lerasle, F., Dias, J., Chatila, R.: Suivi visuel de structures articules 3D par filtrage particulaire

    Google Scholar 

  36. Paul, N.: Filtrage particulaire. Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, Tech. Rep. (2006)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ben Ghorbel, M., Baklouti, M., Couvet, S. (2010). 3D Head Pose Estimation and Tracking Using Particle Filtering and ICP Algorithm. In: Perales, F.J., Fisher, R.B. (eds) Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects. AMDO 2010. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6169. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14061-7_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14061-7_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-14060-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-14061-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics