Abstract
This paper studies TCP performance improvement in wireless and heterogeneous networks using Forward Error Correction (FEC) technique driven by TCP semantics. In the proposed scheme, called TCP-aware FEC, the amount of redundancy added to a packet at the sender node corresponds to the level of error protection and is computed as a function of TCP congestion window. The TCP-aware FEC becomes stronger for low congestion window values (experienced after a packet loss is detected), while the amount of added redundancy is reduced for the large window values approaching the capacity of the end-to-end link.
The design of TCP-aware FEC adaptability is driven by the mechanics of TCP congestion and flow control mechanisms, and it is based on the notion that link losses become more dangerous when congestion window and sending rate are low.
The proposed FEC scheme can be implemented either end-to-end as a part of TCP sender and receiver protocol stacks, or locally, covering the wireless part of the connection only. The performance results obtained through simulations confirm the design assumptions and underline the benefits of the proposed approach with respect to traditional FEC schemes.
Keywords
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Fraleigh, C., Moon, S., Lyles, B., Cotton, C., Khan, M., Moll, D., Rockell, R., Seely, T., Diot, S.C.: Packet-level traffic measurements from the Sprint IP backbone. IEEE Network 17(6), 6–16 (2003)
Bakin, D.S., Joa-Ng, M., McAuley, A.J.: Quantifying TCP Performance Improvements in Noisy Environments Using Rotocol Boosters. In: Fifth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (2000)
Pentikousis, K.: TCP in wired-cum-wireless environments. IEEE Communications Surveys 3, 2–14 (2000)
Balakrishnan, H., Padmanabhan, V.N., Seshan, S., Katz, R.H.: A comparison of mechanisms for improving TCP performance over wireless links. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) 5(6), 756–769 (1997)
Barakat, C., Altman, E.: Bandwidth tradeoff between TCP and link-level FEC. Computer Networks 39(2), 133–150 (2002)
Lundqvist, H., Karlsson, G.: TCP with end-to-end FEC. In: International Zurich Seminar on Communications, pp. 152–155 (2004)
Baldantoni, L., Lundqvist, H., Karlsson, G.: Adaptive end-to-end FEC for improving TCP performance over wireless links. In: IEEE International Conference on Communications, vol. 7, pp. 20–24 (June 2004)
Park, K., Wang, W.: AFEC: an adaptive forward error correction protocol for end-to-end transport of real-time traffic. In: International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (1998)
Tsugawa, T., Fujita, N., Hama, T., Shimonishi, H., Murase, T.: TCP-AFEC: An adaptive FEC code control for end-to-end bandwidth guarantee. Packet Video, 294–301 (November 2007)
Liu, B., Goeckel, D.L., Towsley, D.: TCP-cognizant adaptive forward error correction in wireless networks. In: IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM), vol. 3, pp. 2128–2132 (November 2002)
Subramanian, V., Kalyanaraman, S., Ramakrishnan, K.K.: An End-to-End Transport Protocol for Extreme Wireless Network Environments. In: Military Communications Conference, MILCOM (2006)
Baroudi, U., Abu Qadous, B.: An efficient adaptive Cross-Layer interaction mechanism for TCP traffic over heterogeneous networks. In: IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, pp. 118–123 (2008)
Ahmad, I., Habibi, D., Rahman, Z.: An Improved FEC Scheme for Mobile Wireless Communication at Vehicular Speeds. In: Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference, pp. 312–316 (December 2008)
Miyoshi, M., Sugano, M., Murata, M.: Performance improvement of TCP on wireless cellular networks by adaptive FEC combined with explicit loss notification. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring) 2, 982–986 (2002)
Mathis, M., Semke, J., Mahdavi, J., Ott, T.: The macroscopic behavior of the TCP congestion avoidance algorithm. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 27(3), 67–82 (1997)
Immink, K.A.S.: Reed–Solomon Codes and the Compact Disc. In: Wicker, S.B., Bhargava, V.K. (eds.) Reed–Solomon Codes and Their Applications. IEEE Press, Los Alamitos (1994)
Floyd, S., Henderson, T.: The NewReno Modification to TCP’s Fast Recovery Algorithm. Request for Comments 2582, ETFC (April 1999)
Xu, L., Harfoush, K., Rhee, I.: Binary increase congestion control (BIC) for fast long-distance networks. INFOCOM 4, 2514–2524 (2004)
Tan, K., Song, J., Zhang, Q., Sridharan, M.: A compound TCP approach for high-speed and long distance networks. Microsoft Press, MSR-TR-2005-86 (July 2005)
The network simulator ns2, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 ICST Institute for Computer Science, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kliazovich, D., Bendazzoli, M., Granelli, F. (2010). TCP-Aware Forward Error Correction for Wireless Networks. In: Chatzimisios, P., Verikoukis, C., Santamaría, I., Laddomada, M., Hoffmann, O. (eds) Mobile Lightweight Wireless Systems. Mobilight 2010. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 45. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16644-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16644-0_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-16643-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-16644-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)