Skip to main content

Probabilistic Event Calculus Based on Markov Logic Networks

  • Conference paper
Rule-Based Modeling and Computing on the Semantic Web (RuleML 2011)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 7018))

Abstract

In this paper, we address the issue of uncertainty in event recognition by extending the Event Calculus with probabilistic reasoning. Markov Logic Networks are a natural candidate for our logic-based formalism. However, the temporal semantics of Event Calculus introduce a number of challenges for the proposed model. We show how and under what assumptions we can overcome these problems. Additionally, we demonstrate the advantages of the probabilistic Event Calculus through examples and experiments in the domain of activity recognition, using a publicly available dataset of video surveillance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Allen, J.F.: Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals. Commun. ACM 26(11), 832–843 (1983)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Artikis, A., Paliouras, G., Portet, F., Skarlatidis, A.: Logic-based representation, reasoning and machine learning for event recognition. In: DEBS, pp. 282–293 (2010c)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Artikis, A., Sergot, M., Paliouras, G.: A logic programming approach to activity recognition. In: ACM Workshop on Events in Multimedia (2010b)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Artikis, A., Skarlatidis, A., Paliouras, G.: Behaviour recognition from video content: a logic programming approach. IJAIT 19(2), 193–209 (2010a)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Biswas, R., Thrun, S., Fujimura, K.: Recognizing activities with multiple cues. In: Elgammal, A.M., Rosenhahn, B., Klette, R. (eds.) Human Motion 2007. LNCS, vol. 4814, pp. 255–270. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Brand, M., Oliver, N., Pentland, A.: Coupled hidden markov models for complex action recognition. In: CVPR, pp. 994–999. IEEE Computer Society (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Doherty, P., Lukaszewicz, W., Szalas, A.: Computing circumscription revisited: A reduction algorithm. J. Autom. Reasoning 18(3), 297–336 (1997)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Domingos, P., Lowd, D.: Markov Logic: An Interface Layer for Artificial Intelligence. Morgan & Claypool Publishers (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Dousson, C., Maigat, P.L.: Chronicle recognition improvement using temporal focusing and hierarchization. In: Veloso, M.M. (ed.) IJCAI, pp. 324–329 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Helaoui, R., Niepert, M., Stuckenschmidt, H.: Recognizing interleaved and concurrent activities: A statistical-relational approach. In: PerCom, pp. 1–9. IEEE (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kembhavi, A., Yeh, T., Davis, L.S.: Why did the person cross the road (there)? scene understanding using probabilistic logic models and common sense reasoning. In: Daniilidis, K., Maragos, P., Paragios, N. (eds.) ECCV 2010. LNCS, vol. 6312, pp. 693–706. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Kowalski, R., Sergot, M.: A logic-based calculus of events. New Generation Computing 4, 67–95 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. McCarthy, J.: Circumscription - a form of non-monotonic reasoning. Artificial Intelligence 13, 27–39 (1980)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Miller, R., Shanahan, M.: Some alternative formulations of the event calculus. In: Kakas, A.C., Sadri, F. (eds.) Computational Logic: Logic Programming and Beyond. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2408, pp. 452–490. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. Morariu, V.I., Davis, L.S.: Multi-agent event recognition in structured scenarios. In: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mueller, E.T.: Event calculus. In: Handbook of Knowledge Representation, FAI, vol. 3, pp. 671–708 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Nonnengart, A., Weidenbach, C.: Computing small clause normal forms. In: Handbook of Automated Reasoning, vol. 1, pp. 335–367 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  18. de Salvo Braz, R., Amir, E., Roth, D.: A survey of first-order probabilistic models. In: Innovations in Bayesian Networks. SCI, pp. 289–317 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Shanahan, M.: Solving the frame problem: a mathematical investigation of the common sense law of inertia. MIT Press, Cambridge (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Shanahan, M.: The event calculus explained. In: Artificial Intelligence Today: Recent Trends and Developments, pp. 409–430 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Shet, V.D., Neumann, J., Ramesh, V., Davis, L.S.: Bilattice-based logical reasoning for human detection. In: CVPR (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Shi, Y., Bobick, A.F., Essa, I.A.: Learning temporal sequence model from partially labeled data. In: CVPR (2), pp. 1631–1638. IEEE Computer Society (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Tran, S.D., Davis, L.S.: Event modeling and recognition using markov logic networks. In: Forsyth, D., Torr, P., Zisserman, A. (eds.) ECCV 2008, Part II. LNCS, vol. 5303, pp. 610–623. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Skarlatidis, A., Paliouras, G., Vouros, G.A., Artikis, A. (2011). Probabilistic Event Calculus Based on Markov Logic Networks. In: Olken, F., Palmirani, M., Sottara, D. (eds) Rule-Based Modeling and Computing on the Semantic Web. RuleML 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7018. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24908-2_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24908-2_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-24907-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-24908-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics