Abstract
Ensembles—software-intensive systems with massive numbers of nodes or complex interactions between nodes, operating in open and non-deterministic environments and dynamically adapting to changes in their environment or requirements—pose many challenges to software development. We present first steps towards a system model for ensembles that allows us to express requirements using a wide variety of logics and fitness criteria over arbitrary preorders. Using this system model we then give a precise definition of “black-box” adaptation and show how this naturally leads to a preorder of adaptability on ensembles.
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Hölzl, M., Wirsing, M. (2011). Towards a System Model for Ensembles. In: Agha, G., Danvy, O., Meseguer, J. (eds) Formal Modeling: Actors, Open Systems, Biological Systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7000. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24933-4_12
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