Skip to main content

Testing Real-Time Systems under Uncertainty

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 6957))

Abstract

Model-based testing is a promising technique for improving the quality of testing by automatically generating an efficient set of provably valid test cases from a system model. Testing embedded real-time systems is challenging because it must deal with timing, concurrency, processing and computation of complex mixed discrete and continuous signals, and limited observation and control. Whilst several techniques and tools have been proposed, few deals systematically with models capturing the indeterminacy resulting from concurrency, timing and limited observability and controllability. This paper proposes a number of model-based test generation principles and techniques that aim at efficient testing of timed systems under uncertainty.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Alur, R., Courcoubetis, C., Yannakakis, M.: Distinguishing tests for nondeterministic and probabilistic machines. In: Proc. STOC 1995, pp. 363–372. ACM Press, New York (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Alur, R., Dill, D.L.: A theory of timed automata. Theoretical Computer Science 126(2), 183–235 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Bertrand, N., Jéron, T., Stainer, A., Krichen, M.: Off-line test selection with test purposes for non-deterministic timed automata. In: Abdulla, P.A., Leino, K.R.M. (eds.) TACAS 2011. LNCS, vol. 6605, pp. 96–111. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Blass, A., Gurevich, Y., Nachmanson, L., Veanes, M.: Play to test. In: Grieskamp, W., Weise, C. (eds.) FATES 2005. LNCS, vol. 3997, pp. 32–46. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Bohnenkamp, H., Stoelinga, M.: Quantitative testing. In: Proc. EMSOFT 2008. ACM, New York (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bouyer, P., D’Souza, D., Madhusudan, P., Petit, A.: Timed control with partial observability. In: Hunt Jr., W.A., Somenzi, F. (eds.) CAV 2003. LNCS, vol. 2725, pp. 180–192. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Briones, L.B., Brinksma, E.: A test generation framework for quiescent real-time systems. In: Grabowski, J., Nielsen, B. (eds.) FATES 2004. LNCS, vol. 3395, pp. 64–78. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Cassez, F., David, A., Fleury, E., Larsen, K.G., Lime, D.: Efficient on-the-fly algorithms for the analysis of timed games. In: Abadi, M., de Alfaro, L. (eds.) CONCUR 2005. LNCS, vol. 3653, pp. 66–80. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Cassez, F., David, A., Larsen, K.G., Lime, D., Raskin, J.-F.: Timed control with observation based and stuttering invariant strategies. In: Namjoshi, K.S., Yoneda, T., Higashino, T., Okamura, Y. (eds.) ATVA 2007. LNCS, vol. 4762, pp. 192–206. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. David, A., Larsen, K.G., Li, S., Nielsen, B.: Cooperative testing of timed systems. In: Proc. MBT 2008 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  11. David, A., Larsen, K.G., Li, S., Nielsen, B.: A game-theoretic approach to real-time system testing. In: Proc. DATE 2008 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  12. David, A., Larsen, K.G., Li, S., Nielsen, B.: Timed testing under partial observability. In: Proc. 2nd International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST 2009), Denver, Colorado, USA, pp. 61–70. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Daws, C., Olivero, A., Yovine, S.: Verifying ET-LOTOS programs with Kronos. In: Hogrefe, D., Leue, S. (eds.) Proc. of 7th Int. Conf. on Formal Description Techniques. North-Holland, Amsterdam (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Dill, D.: Timing Assumptions and Verification of Finite-State Concurrent Systems. In: Sifakis, J. (ed.) CAV 1989. LNCS, vol. 407, pp. 197–212. Springer, Heidelberg (1990)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. En-Nouaary, A., Dssouli, R., Khendek, F., Elqortobi, A.: Timed test cases generation based on state characterization technique. In: Proc. RTSS 1998, pp. 220–229 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hessel, A., Mikucionis, M., Nielsen, B., Pettersson, P., Skou, A., Larsen, K.G.: Testing real-time systems using UPPAAL. In: Hierons, R.M., Bowen, J.P., Harman, M. (eds.) FORTEST. LNCS, vol. 4949, pp. 77–117. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Khoumsi, A., Jéron, T., Marchand, H.: Test cases generation for nondeterministic real-time systems. In: Petrenko, A., Ulrich, A. (eds.) FATES 2003. LNCS, vol. 2931, pp. 131–146. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Krichen, M., Tripakis, S.: Black-box conformance testing for real-time systems. In: Graf, S., Mounier, L. (eds.) SPIN 2004. LNCS, vol. 2989, pp. 109–126. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Krichen, M., Tripakis, S.: Conformance testing for real-time systems. Formal Methods in System Design 34(3), 238–304 (2009)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Larsen, K.G., Mikucionis, M., Nielsen, B.: Online testing of real-time systems using uppaal. In: Grabowski, J., Nielsen, B. (eds.) FATES 2004. LNCS, vol. 3395, pp. 79–94. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  21. Larsen, K.G., Mikucionis, M., Nielsen, B., Skou, A.: Testing real-time embedded software using uppaal-tron: an industrial case study. In: Wolf, W. (ed.) EMSOFT, pp. 299–306. ACM, New York (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Li, S.: Games and Scenarios for Real-Time System Validation. PhD thesis, Dept. of Computer Science, Aalborg University (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Maler, O., Pnueli, A., Sifakis, J.: On the synthesis of discrete controllers for timed systems. In: Mayr, E.W., Puech, C. (eds.) STACS 1995. LNCS, vol. 900, pp. 229–242. Springer, Heidelberg (1995)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. Nielsen, B., Skou, A.: Automated test generation from timed automata. STTT 5(1), 59–77 (2003)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Rokicki, T.G., Myers, C.J.: Automatic verification of timed circuits. In: Dill, D.L. (ed.) CAV 1994. LNCS, vol. 818, pp. 468–480. Springer, Heidelberg (1994)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  26. Springintveld, J., Vaandrager, F., D’Argenio, P.R.: Testing timed automata. TCS 254(1-2), 225–257 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Tretmans, J.: Testing concurrent systems: A formal approach. In: Baeten, J.C.M., Mauw, S. (eds.) CONCUR 1999. LNCS, vol. 1664, pp. 46–65. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  28. Tretmans, J., Schmaltz, J.: On conformance testing for timed systems. In: Cassez, F., Jard, C. (eds.) FORMATS 2008. LNCS, vol. 5215, pp. 250–264. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  29. Vain, J., Raiend, K., Kull, A., Ernits, J.P.: Synthesis of test purpose directed reactive planning tester for nondeterministic systems. In: Kurt Stirewalt, R.E., Egyed, A., Fischer, B. (eds.) ASE, pp. 363–372. ACM, New York (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. de Vries, R.G., Tretmans, J.: On-the-fly conformance testing using Spin. Software Tools for Technology Transfer 2(4), 382–393 (2000)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Yannakakis, M.: Testing, optimizaton, and games. In: Díaz, J., Karhumäki, J., Lepistö, A., Sannella, D. (eds.) ICALP 2004. LNCS, vol. 3142, pp. 28–45. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

David, A., Larsen, K.G., Li, S., Mikucionis, M., Nielsen, B. (2011). Testing Real-Time Systems under Uncertainty. In: Aichernig, B.K., de Boer, F.S., Bonsangue, M.M. (eds) Formal Methods for Components and Objects. FMCO 2010. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6957. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25271-6_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25271-6_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-25270-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-25271-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics