Skip to main content

Turing Revisited: A Cognitively-Inspired Decomposition

  • Chapter
Book cover Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence

Part of the book series: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics ((SAPERE,volume 5))

Abstract

After a short assessment of the idea behind the Turing Test, its actual status and the overall role it played within AI, I propose a computational cognitive modeling-inspired decomposition of the Turing test as classical “strong AI benchmark” into at least four intermediary testing scenarios: a test for natural language understanding, an evaluation of the performance in emulating human-style rationality, an assessment of creativity-related capacities, and a measure of performance on natural language production of an AI system. I also shortly reflect on advantages and disadvantages of the approach, and conclude with some hints and proposals for further work on the topic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Besold, T.R.: Rationality in/through/for AI. In: Romportl, J., Ircing, P., Zackova, E., Schuster, R., Polak, M. (eds.) Proceedings of Extended Abstracts Presented at the International Conference Beyond AI 2011 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Besold, T.R., Gust, H., Krumnack, U., Abdel-Fattah, A., Schmidt, M., Kühnberger, K.: An Argument for an Analogical Perspective on Rationality & Decision-Making. In: van Eijck, J., Verbrugge, R. (eds.) Proceedings of the Workshop on Reasoning About Other Minds: Logical and Cognitive Perspectives (RAOM-2011), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Groningen, The Netherlands, vol. 751, CEUR-WS.org (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bishop, M., Preston, J. (eds.): Essays on Searle’s Chinese Room Argument. Oxford University Press (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Brachman, R.: (AA)AI - More than the Sum of its Parts. AI Magazine 27(4), 19–34 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Cassell, J.: More than just another pretty face: Embodied conversational interface agents. Communications of the ACM 43(4), 70–78 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Chomsky, N.: Reflections on Language. Pantheon Books (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Cohen, P.: If Not Turing’s Test, Then What? AI Magazine 26(4) (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Colby, K.: Modeling a paranoid mind. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4(4), 515–534 (1981)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Colton, S., Lopez de Mantaras, R., Stock, O.: Computational Creativity: Coming of Age. AI Magazine 30(3), 11–14 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Elman, J.: Finding structure in time. Cognitive Science 14, 179–211 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Fellbaum, C.: WordNet and wordnets. In: Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, pp. 665–670. Elsevier, Oxford (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ferrucci, D., Brown, E., Chu-Carroll, J., Fan, J., Gondek, D., Kalyanpur, A., Lally, A., Murdock, J., Nyberg, E., Prager, J., Schlaefer, N., Welty, C.: Building Watson: An Overview of the DeepQA Project. AI Magazine 31(3), 59–79 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gazdar, G., Klein, E., Pullum, G., Sag, I.: Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar. Blackwell, Malden (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gilboa, I.: Questions in decision theory. Annual Reviews in Economics 2, 1–19 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Harnad, S.: Other bodies, other minds: A machine incarnation of an old philosophical problem. Minds and Machines 1, 45–54 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Harnad, S.: Minds, Machines and Turing. Journal of Logic, Language and Information 9(4), 425–445 (2000)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Harnad, S.: The Annotation Game: On Turing (1950) on Computing, Machinery, and Intelligence. In: The Turing Test Sourcebook: Philosophical and Methodological Issues in the Quest for the Thinking Computer. Klewer (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hauser, L.: Searle’s Chinese Box: Debunking the Chinese Room Argument. Minds and Machines 7, 199–226 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Lewis, J., Elman, J.: Learnability and the statistical structure of language: Poverty of stimulus arguments revisited. In: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Loebner, H.: The Loebner Prize. Official homepage of the Loebner Prize Competition, (queried July 28, 2011), http://www.loebner.net/Prizef/loebner-prize.html

  21. Moor, J. (ed.): The Turing Test: The Elusive Standard of Artificial Intelligence. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2003)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Mueller, S.T.: Is the Turing Test Still Relevant? A Plan for Developing the Cognitive Decathlon to Test Intelligent Embodied Behavior. In: 19th Midwest Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference, MAICS (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Pollard, C., Sag, I.: Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar. Studies in Contemporary Linguistics. University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Pollock, J.: Twenty Epistemological Self-profiles: John Pollock (Epistemology, Rationality and Cognition). In: A Companion to Epistemology, pp. 178–185. John Wiley and Sons (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Schmidhuber, J.: Formal theory of creativity, fun, and intrinsic motivation (1990-2010). IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development 2(3), 230–247 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Searle, J.: Minds, Brains and Programs. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(3), 417–457 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Shieber, S.: Lessons from a restricted Turing Test. Communications of the ACM 37, 70–78 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Trebek, A., Barsocchini, P., Griffin, M.: The Jeopardy! Book. Harper Perennial (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Tsourikov, V.: Inventive machine: Second generation. AI & Society 7, 62–77 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Turing, A.: Computing Machinery and Intelligence. Mind LIX (236), 433–460 (1950)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  31. Wang, P., Goertzel, B.: Introduction: Aspects of Artificial General Intelligence. In: Goertzel, B., Wang, P. (eds.) Advances in Artificial General Intelligence: Concepts, Architectures and Algorithms - Proceedings of the AGI Workshop 2006, Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, vol. 157, pp. 1–16. IOS Press (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Weizenbaum, J.: ELIZA - a computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine. Communications of the ACM 9(1), 36–45 (1966)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tarek Richard Besold .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Besold, T.R. (2013). Turing Revisited: A Cognitively-Inspired Decomposition. In: Müller, V. (eds) Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence. Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31674-6_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31674-6_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-31673-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-31674-6

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics