Abstract
To investigate how human brain was involved in explicit rule acquisition during problem solving, with the technique of fMRI, we used a task of simplified Sudoku solving to detect the change of brain activity from a freshman to a rule-acquired solver. Brain activities in the lateral prefrontal, inferior parietal and anterior cingulated cortex increased suggested a goal-directed processing with more accurate representation of problem state and more efficient rule retrieval. The decrease deactivation in the medial prefrontal gyrus might relate to a reduced resource allocation in the later stage; and the signal change pattern of first increasing then decreasing in the superior parietal gyrus might suggest a sensible response for attention to visual perception and recognition during the proceeds.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anzai, Y., Simon, H.: The theory of learning by doing. Psychological Review 86(2), 124–140 (1979)
Anderson, J.R., Albert, M.V., Fincham, J.M.: Tracing problem solving in real time: fmri analysis of the subject-paced tower of hanoi. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 17(8), 1261–1274 (2005)
Fincham, J.M., Carter, C.S., van Veen, V., Stenger, V.A., Anderson, J.R.: Neural mechanisms of planning: A comuptational analysis using event-related fmri. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences 99(5), 3346–3351 (2002)
Newman, S.D., Carpernter, P.A., Varma, S., Just, M.A.: Frongal and parietal participatation in problem solving i the tower of london: fmri and comuputational modeling of planning and high-level perception. Neuropsychoologia 41, 1668–1682 (2003)
Qin, Y.L., Carter, C.S., Silk, E.M., Stenger, V.A., Fissell, K., Goode, A., Anderson, J.R.: The change of the brain activation patterns as children learn algebra equation solving. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences 101(15), 5686–5691 (2004)
Anderson, J.R., Fincham, J.M., Qin, Y., Stocco, A.: A central circuit of the mind. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 12(4), 136–143 (2008)
Cabeza, R., Dolcos, F., Graham, R., Nyberg, L.: Similarities and differneces in the neural correlated of episodic memory retrieval and working memory. Neuroimage 16, 317–330 (2002)
Donaldson, D., Petersen, S., Ollinger, J., Buchner, R.: Dissociating state and item components of recognition memory using fmri. Neuroimage 13, 129–142 (2001)
Fletcher, P.C., Henson, R.N.A.: Frontal lobes and human memory: insights from neuroimaging. Brain 124, 849–881 (2001)
Dehaene, S., Piazza, M., Pinel, P., Cohen, L.: Three parietal circuits for nunber processing. Cognitive Neuropsychology 20, 487–506 (2003)
Reichle, E., Carpenter, P., Just, M.: The neural basis of strategy and skill in sentence-picture verification. Cognitive Psychology 40, 261–295 (2000)
D’Esposito, M., Detre, J., Alsop, D., Shin, R., Atlas, S., Grossman, M.: The neural basis of the central executive system of working memory. Nature 378(16), 279–281 (1995)
Posner, M., Dehaene, S.: Attentional networks. Trends in Neurosciences 17(2), 75–79 (1994)
Gehring, W., Goss, B., Coles, M., Meyer, D., Donchi, E.: A neural systemfor error detection and compensation. Psychological Science 4(6), 383–390 (1993)
Carter, C., Macdonald, A., Botvinick, M., Ross, L., Stenger, V., Noll, D., Cohen, J.: Parsing executive processes: Strategic versus evaluative functions of the anterior cingulate cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences 97(4), 1944–1948 (2000)
Yeung, N., Botvinick, M., Cohen, J.: The neural basis of error detection: Conflict monitoring and the error-related negativity. Psychological Review 111(4), 931–959 (2004)
Jia, X., Liang, P., Lu, J., Yang, Y., Zhong, N., Li, K.: Common and dissociable neural correlates associated with component processes of inductive reasoning. Neuroimage 56, 2292–2299 (2004)
Goel, V., Dolan, R.: Differential involvement of left prefrontal cortex in inductive and deductive reasoning. Cognition 93(3), 109–121 (2004)
Reber, A.: Implicit learning of artificial grammers. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 6(6), 855–863 (1967)
Strange, B., Henson, R., Friston, K., Dolan, R.: Anterior perfrontal cortex mediates rule learning in humans. Cerebral Cortex 11, 1040–1046 (2001)
Anderson, J.R., Anderson, J.F., Ferris, J.L., Fincham, J.M., Jung, K.J.: The lateral inferior prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex are engaged at different stages in the solution of insight problems. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences 106(26), 10799–10804 (2009)
Luo, J., Niki, K.: Function of hippocamupus in ”insight” of problem solving. Hippocampus 13, 316–323 (2003)
Petrides, M., Pandya, D.: Projections to the fontal cortex form the posterior parietal region in the rhesus monkey. Journal of Comparative Neurology 228, 105–116 (1984)
Cabeza, R., Nyberg, L.: Imaging cognition ii: An empireical review of 275 pet and fmri studies. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12(1), 1–47 (2000)
Menon, V.: Large-scale brain networks and psychopathology: a unifying triple network model. Trends in Cogntive Science 15(10), 483–506 (2011)
Koechlin, E., Summerfield, C.: An information theoretical approach to prefrontal executive function. Trends in Cogntive Science 11(6), 229–236 (2007)
Shirer, W., Ryali, S., Rykhlevskaia, E., Menon, V., Greicius, M.: Decoding subject-driven cognitive states with whole-brain connectivity patterns. Cerebral Cortex 22(1), 158–165 (2012)
Raichle, M.: Two views of brain function. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 14(4), 180–190 (2010)
Greicius, M., Krasnow, B., Reiss, A., Menon, V.: Functional connectivity in the resting brain: A network analysis of the default mode hypothesis. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences 100(1), 253–258 (2003)
Raichle, M.E., McLeod, A.M., Snyder, A.Z., Powers, W.J., Gusnard, D.A., Shulman, G.L.: A default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences 98(2), 676–682 (2001)
Spreng, R., Mar, R., Kim, A.: The common neural basis of autobiographical memory, perception, navigation, theory of mind, and the default mode: A quantitative meta-analysis. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21(3), 489–510 (2009)
Amodio, D., Frith, C.: Meeting of minds: the medial frontal cortex and social cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 7, 268–277 (2006)
Rangel, A., Camerer, C., Read, P.: A framework for studing the neurobiolgoy of value-based decision making. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9, 543–556 (2008)
Etkin, A., Egner, T., Kalisch, R.: Emotional processing in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 15(2), 85–93 (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zhou, H. et al. (2012). Rule Acquisition in the Proceeding of Heuristic Sudoku Solving. In: Zanzotto, F.M., Tsumoto, S., Taatgen, N., Yao, Y. (eds) Brain Informatics. BI 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 7670. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35139-6_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35139-6_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-35138-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-35139-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)