Abstract
We present an automata theoretic framework for modular schedulability analysis of networks of real-time asynchronous actors. In this paper, we use the coordination language Reo to structure the network of actors and as such provide an exogenous form of scheduling between actors to complement their internal scheduling. We explain how to avoid extra communication buffers during analysis in some common Reo connectors. We then consider communication delays between actors and analyze its effect on schedulability of the system. Furthermore, in order to have a uniform analysis platform, we show how to use Uppaalto combine Constraint Automata, the semantic model of Reo, with Timed Automata models of the actors. We can derive end-to-end deadlines, i.e., the deadline on a message from when it is sent until a reply is received.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Agha, G.: The Structure and Semantics of Actor Languages. In: de Bakker, J.W., Rozenberg, G., de Roever, W.-P. (eds.) REX 1990. LNCS, vol. 489, pp. 1–59. Springer, Heidelberg (1991)
Altisen, K., Gößler, G., Sifakis, J.: Scheduler modeling based on the controller synthesis paradigm. Real-Time Systems 23(1-2), 55–84 (2002)
Alur, R., Dill, D.L.: A theory of timed automata. Theoretical Computer Science 126(2), 183–235 (1994)
Arbab, F.: Reo: A channel-based coordination model for component composition. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 14, 329–366 (2004)
Arbab, F., Baier, C., Rutten, J.J., Sirjani, M.: Modeling component connectors in Reo by constraint automata. In: Proceedings of FOCLASA 2003. ENTCS, vol. 97, pp. 25–46. Elsevier (2004)
Behrmann, G., David, A., Larsen, K.G.: A Tutorial on uppaal. In: Bernardo, M., Corradini, F. (eds.) SFM-RT 2004. LNCS, vol. 3185, pp. 200–236. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Closse, E., Poize, M., Pulou, J., Sifakis, J., Venter, P., Weil, D., Yovine, S.: TAXYS: A Tool for the Development and Verification of Real-Time Embedded Systems. In: Berry, G., Comon, H., Finkel, A. (eds.) CAV 2001. LNCS, vol. 2102, pp. 391–395. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Courcoubetis, C., Yannakakis, M.: Minimum and maximum delay problems in real-time systems. Formal Methods in System Design 1(4), 385–415 (1992)
de Boer, F., Chothia, T., Jaghoori, M.M.: Modular Schedulability Analysis of Concurrent Objects in Creol. In: Arbab, F., Sirjani, M. (eds.) FSEN 2009. LNCS, vol. 5961, pp. 212–227. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
de Boer, F.S., Grabe, I., Jaghoori, M.M., Stam, A., Yi, W.: Modeling and Analysis of Thread-Pools in an Industrial Communication Platform. In: Breitman, K., Cavalcanti, A. (eds.) ICFEM 2009. LNCS, vol. 5885, pp. 367–386. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Fersman, E., Krcal, P., Pettersson, P., Yi, W.: Task automata: Schedulability, decidability and undecidability. Information and Computation 205(8), 1149–1172 (2007)
Garcia, J.J.G., Gutierrez, J.C.P., Harbour, M.G.: Schedulability analysis of distributed hard real-time systems with multiple-event synchronization. In: Proc. 12th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems, pp. 15–24. IEEE (2000)
Hewitt, C.: Procedural embedding of knowledge in planner. In: Proc. the 2nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 167–184 (1971)
Jaghoori, M.M.: Time at your service. Ph.D. dissertation. LIACS, Leiden University (2010)
Jaghoori, M.M., Chothia, T.: Timed automata semantics for analyzing Creol. In: Proc. 9th International Workshop on the Foundations of Coordination Languages and Software Architectures (FOCLASA 2010). EPTCS, vol. 30, pp. 108–122 (2010)
Jaghoori, M.M., de Boer, F.S., Chothia, T., Sirjani, M.: Schedulability of asynchronous real-time concurrent objects. J. Logic and Alg. Prog. 78(5), 402–416 (2009)
Jaghoori, M.M., Longuet, D., de Boer, F.S., Chothia, T.: Schedulability and compatibility of real time asynchronous objects. In: Proc. RTSS 2008, pp. 70–79. IEEE CS (2008)
Johnsen, E.B., Owe, O.: An asynchronous communication model for distributed concurrent objects. Software and Systems Modeling 6(1), 35–58 (2007)
Kloukinas, C., Yovine, S.: Synthesis of safe, QoS extendible, application specific schedulers for heterogeneous real-time systems. In: Proc. ECRTS 2003, pp. 287–294. IEEE CS (2003)
Kokash, N., Changizi, B., Arbab, F.: A Semantic Model for Service Composition with Coordination Time Delays. In: Dong, J.S., Zhu, H. (eds.) ICFEM 2010. LNCS, vol. 6447, pp. 106–121. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Kupferman, O., Vardi, M.Y., Wolper, P.: Module checking. Information and Computation 164(2), 322–344 (2001)
Meseguer, J., Talcott, C.: Semantic Models for Distributed Object Reflection. In: Magnusson, B. (ed.) ECOOP 2002. LNCS, vol. 2374, pp. 1–36. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Meyer, B.: Eiffel: The language. Prentice-Hall (1992)
Ren, S., Agha, G.: RTsynchronizer: language support for real-time specifications in distributed systems. ACM SIGPLAN Notices 30(11), 50–59 (1995)
Ren, S., Yu, Y., Chen, N., Marth, K., Poirot, P.-E., Shen, L.: Actors, Roles and Coordinators — A Coordination Model for Open Distributed and Embedded Systems. In: Ciancarini, P., Wiklicky, H. (eds.) COORDINATION 2006. LNCS, vol. 4038, pp. 247–265. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Sirjani, M., Movaghar, A., Shali, A., de Boer, F.S.: Modeling and verification of reactive systems using Rebeca. Fundamamenta Informaticae 63(4), 385–410 (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Jaghoori, M.M., Hlynsson, Ó., Sirjani, M. (2012). Networks of Real-Time Actors. In: Arbab, F., Ölveczky, P.C. (eds) Formal Aspects of Component Software. FACS 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7253. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35743-5_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35743-5_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-35742-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-35743-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)