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Multi-Level Meta-Modelling to Underpin the Abstract and Concrete Syntax for Domain-Specific Modelling Languages

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Abstract

A domain-specific modelling language can be considered as a situationally focussed conceptual modelling language. A modelling language is typically underpinned by a meta-model that defines its abstract syntax, utilizes a notation (a.k.a. concrete syntax) and possesses a well-defined semantics, sometimes with an associated ontology. However, the relationships between models, meta-models, modelling languages and ontologies are not well defined in the literature. In particular, the implications of the strict meta-modelling paradigm fostered by the OMG in relation to the type/instance duality are often described in a vague and equivocal fashion. This chapter provides a solid theoretical foundation for the construction of domain-specific modelling languages that can help define both the abstract and concrete syntax aspects. Two example languages are described: ISO/IEC 24744 (Software Engineering Meta-model for Development Methodologies), a language that can be used to define software-intensive development methods; and FAML (FAME Agent-oriented Modelling Language), a language for the specification of agent-oriented software systems.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Some authors use the term “generalize” to mean ignore details (see, for example, [2], p. 40). Here, the term “generalize”, and particularly “generalization”, is used in the object-oriented sense of a relationship between a type and its super-type (or, equally, between a subtype and a type).

  2. 2.

    Thus confounding the abstraction and representation links depicted in the “meaning triangle” (Fig. 7).

  3. 3.

    We will not discuss here a third possible application between M3 and M2.

  4. 4.

    Note that this is a very different meaning from the use of “reference model” in software engineering standards published by ISO’s JTC1 SC7.

  5. 5.

    A notation for ISO/IEC 24744 was added later [46]—see Sect. 6.1.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank Mats Lind and Haris Mouratidis for their comments on the FAML notation. BH-S also wishes to acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council through grant DP0878172. This is contribution 12/01 of the Centre for Object Technology Applications and Research within the Human Centred Technology Design centre at the University of Technology, Sydney.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Software, University of Technology, Sydney, 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia

    Brian Henderson-Sellers

  2. Institute of Heritage Sciences (Incipit), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), San Roque 2, 15704, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Cesar Gonzalez-Perez

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  1. Brian Henderson-Sellers
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Information Systems, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel

    Iris Reinhartz-Berger

  2. Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Dept. Information Systems Engineering, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Arnon Sturm

  3. Business Information Systems, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom

    Tony Clark

  4. Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Sholom Cohen

  5. S23M, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Jorn Bettin

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Henderson-Sellers, B., Gonzalez-Perez, C. (2013). Multi-Level Meta-Modelling to Underpin the Abstract and Concrete Syntax for Domain-Specific Modelling Languages. In: Reinhartz-Berger, I., Sturm, A., Clark, T., Cohen, S., Bettin, J. (eds) Domain Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36654-3_12

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