Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering, and Knowledge Management

IC3K 2011: Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management pp 423–439Cite as

Assessing the Impact of In-government Cooperation Dynamics: A Simluation-Based Systems Inquiry

  • Conference paper

  • 1156 Accesses

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 348))

Abstract

We coined the term “government extended enterprise” (GEE) to describe sets of effectively autonomous government organizations that must cooperate voluntarily to achieve desired GEE-level outcomes. A GEE is, by definition, a complex dynamical system of systems (SoS). Our continuing research investigates the proposition that the interaction of four “canonical forces” affects both internal GEE cooperation and SoS-level operational effectiveness, changing the GEE’s status as indicated by the "SoS differentiating characteristics" detailed by Boardman and Sauser. Three prior papers have described the concepts involved, postulated the relationships among them, discussed the n-player, iterated "Stag Hunt" methodology applied to execute a real proof-of-concept case (the U.S. Counterterrorism Enterprise’s response to the Christmas Day Bomber) in an agent-based model, and presented preliminary conclusions from testing of the simulation. This paper adds key insights gleaned from additional in-depth review of relevant literature and data analysis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Priest, D., Arkin, W. M.: Top Secret America: A Washington Post Investigation (2010), http://projects.washingtonpost.com/top-secret-america/articles/a-hidden-world-growing-beyond-control (accessed February 10, 2011)

  2. Unclassified Executive Summary of the Committee Report on the Attempted Terrorist Attack on Norwest Airlines Flight 253, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gintis, H., Bowles, S., Boyd, R., Fehr, E. (eds.): Moral Sentiments and Material Interests: The Foundations of Cooperation in Economic Life. MIT Press, Cambridge (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  4. John, L., McCormick, P.M., McCormick, T., Boardman, J.: Self-organizing Cooperative Dynamics in Government Extended Enterprises: Essential Concepts. In: Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Systems Conference. IEEE (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Fine, C.H.: Clockspeed: Winning Industry Control in the Age of Temporary Advantage. Perseus Books, New York (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Davis, E.W., Spekman, R.E.: The Extended Enterprise: Gaining Competitive Advantage through Collaborative Supply Chains, p. 20. Financial Times Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Axelrod, R.: The Complexity of Cooperation: Agent-Based Models of Competition and Collaboration. Princeton University Press, Princeton (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  8. van Lange, P.A.M., DeCremer, D., van Dijk, E., van Vugt, M.: Self-Interest and Beyond: Basic Principles of Social Interaction. In: Kruglanski, A.W., Higgins, E.T. (eds.) Social Psychology: Handbook of Basic Principles, ch. 23. Guilford, New York (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bartal, I.-B.-A., Decety, J., Mason, P.: Empathy and Pro-Social Behavior in Rats. Science 334(6061), 1427–1430 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Langford, D.J., Tuttle, A.H., Brown, K., Deschenes, S., Fischer, D.B., Mutso, A., Root, K.C., Sotocinal, S.G., Stern, M.A., Mogil, J.S., Sternberg, W.F.: Social approach to pain in laboratory mice. Social Neuroscience 5(2), 163–170 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Langford, D.J., Crager, S.E., Shehzad, Z., Smith, S.B., Sotocinal, S.G., Levenstadt, J.S., Chanda, M.L., Levitin, D.J., Mogil, J.S.: Social Modulation of Pain as Evidence for Empathy in Mice. Science 312(5782), 1967–1970 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Hume, D.: In: Norton, D.F., Norton, M.J. (eds.) A Treatise of Human Nature, pp. 1739–1740. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Smith, A.: The Theory of Moral Sentiments, 6th edn. A. Millar, London (2000 [1790]), http://www.econlib.org/library/Smith/smMS1.html (accessed October 2010)

  14. Ostrom, V.: Citizen Sovereigns: The Source of Contestability, the Rule of Law, and the Conduct of Public Entrepreneurship. PS: Political Science and Politics 39(1), 13–17 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Cohon, R.: Hume’s Moral Philosophy. In: Zalta, E.N. (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2010 Edition) (2010), http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2010/entries/hume-moral/

  16. Hardin, R.: Trust. Maldin. Polity Press, MA (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  17. McLeod, C.: Trust. In: Zalta, E. N. (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2011 Edition) (2011), http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2011/entries/trust/

  18. Jarvenpaa, S.L., Knoll, K., Leidner, D.E.: Is anybody out there? Antecedents of trust in global virtual teams. Journal of Management Information Systems 14, 29–64 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ridings, C.M., Gefen, D., Arinze, B.: Some antecedents and effects of trust in virtual communities. Journal of Strategic Information Systems 11, 271–295 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Kanter, R.M.: Collaborative Advantage: The Art of Alliances. Harvard Business Review on Strategic Alliances, 97–128 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Bowles, S., Gintis, H.: The Origins of Human Cooperation. In: Hammerstein, P. (ed.) The Genetic and Cultural Origins of Cooperation. MIT Press, Cambridge (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bowles, S., Gintis, H.: A Cooperative Species: Human Reciprocity and Its Evolution. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Parsons, T., Shils, E.A.: Toward a General Theory of Action: Theoretical Foundations for the Social Sciences, p. 134. Transactions Publishers, New Brunswick (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Shefrin, H.: Beyond Greed and Fear, pp. 120–121. Oxford University Press, New York (2002)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  25. Lopes, L.: Between Hope and Fear: The Psychology of Risk. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 20, 255–295 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Van Dijk, E., DeCremer, D., Mulder, L.B., Stouten, J.: How Do We React to Feedback in Social Dilemmas. In: Biel, A., Eek, D., Gärling, T., Gustafson, M. (eds.) New Issues and Pardigms in Research on Social Dilemmas, pp. 43–56. Springer Science+ Business Media, New York (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. Simon, H.A.: Administrative Behavior: A Study of Decision-Making Processes in Administrative Organizations, 4th edn., pp. 206–207. The Free Press, New York (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Skinner, B.F.: Science and Human Behavior, p. 361. The Free Press, New York (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  29. von Bertalanffy, L.: The Theory of Open Systems in Physics and Biology. Science III(2872), 23–29 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Wiener, N.: Cybernetics. Wiley, New York (1948)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Garrett, E.: Rethinking the Structures of Decisionmaking in the Federal Budget Process. Harvard Journal on Legislation 35, 409–412 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Ostrom, E.: An Assessment of the Institutional Analysis and Development Framework. In: Sabatier, P.A. (ed.) Theories of the Policy Process, 2nd edn. Westview Press, Boulder (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Williams, J.: Foreword. In: Grabo, C. (ed.) Anticipating Surprise: Analysis for Strategic Warning. Center for Strategic Intelligence Research, Joint Military Intelligence College, Washington DC (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Wohlstetter, R.: Pearl Harbor: Warning and Decision. Stanford University Press, Stanford (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Prange, G.W.: At Dawn We Slept. McGraw-Hill, New York (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Hansson, S. O.: Risk. In: Zalta, E. N. (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2011 Edition), http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2011/entries/risk/ (2011)

  37. Bernstein, P.L.: Against the Gods: The Remarkable Story of Risk. John Wiley & Sons, New York (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Boardman, J., Sauser, B.: System of Systems – the meaning of “of.”. In: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/SMC International Conference on System of Systems Engineering. IEEE (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Boardman, J., Sauser, B.: Systems Thinking: Coping with 21st Century Problems, pp. 155–161. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2008)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  40. Ashby, W.R.: An Introduction to Cybernetics. Chapman & Hall, London (1956)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  41. DiMario, M.J., Boardman, J.T., Sauser, B.J.: System of Systems Collaborative Formation. IEEE Systems Journal 3 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Gorod, A., Sauser, B., Boardman, J.: System-of-systems engineering management: A review of modern history and a path forward. IEEE Systems Journal 2, 484–499 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Baldwin, W.C., Sauser, B.: Modeling the Characteristics of System of Systems. In: IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering, pp. 1–6 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Epelbaum, S., Mansouri, M., Gorod, A., Sauser, B., Fridman, A.: Target Evaluation and Correlation Method (TECM) as an Assessment Approach to Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS). International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 2(1), 36–62 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Baldwin, W.C.: Modeling of a Decision Mechanism for the Formation of Collaborative System of Systems. PhD Dissertation, Stevens Institute of Technology, Ann Arbor: ProQuest (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Ostrom, E.: Understanding Institutional Diversity. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Pacheco, J.M., Santos, F.C., Souze, M.O., Skyrms, B.: Evolutionary dynamics of collective action in n-person stag hunt dilemmas. Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Sciences 276(1655), 315–321 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Poteete, A.R., Janssen, M.A., Ostrom, E.: Working Together: Collective Action, the Commons, and Multiple Methods in Practice. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Gintis, H.: The Bounds of Reason: Game Theory and the Unification of the Behavioral-Sciences. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2009)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  50. Binmore, K.: Game Theory and The Social Contract, vol. 1: Playing Fair. MIT Press, Cambridge (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Binmore, K.: Game Theory and The Social Contract, vol. 2: Just Playing. MIT Press, Cambridge (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Binmore, K.: Why do people cooperate? Politics, Philosophy & Economics 5, 81–96 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Binmore, K.: Rational Decisions. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2009)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  54. Binmore, K.: Natural Justice. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2011[2005])

    Google Scholar 

  55. John, L., McCormick, P., McCormick, T., McNeill, G., Boardman, J.: Self-Organizing Cooperative Dynamics in Government Extended Enterprises: Experimental Methodology. In: Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Systems Conference. IEEE (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  56. Shor, M.: Stag Hunt. In: Dictionary of Game Theory Terms, Game Theory.net (2010), http://www.gametheory.net/dictionary/games/StagHunt.html (accessed October 12, 2010)

  57. Skyrms, B.: The Stag Hunt and the Evolution of Social Structure. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Stamper, R., Liu, K., Hafkamp, M., Ades, Y.: Understanding the Roles of Signs and Norms in Organizations – a Semiotic Approach to Information Systems Design. Behaviour and Information Technology 19(1), 15–27 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Filipe, J.B.L., Fred, A.L.N.: Collective Agents and Collective intentionality Using the EDA Model. In: Sixth Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Special Session, pp. 211–220 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  60. Windrum, P., Fagiolo, G., Moneta, A.: Empirical Validation of Agent-Based Models: Alternatives and Prospects. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 10(2), 8 (2007), http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/10/2/8.html

    Google Scholar 

  61. Miller, J., Page, S.: Complex Adaptive Systems: An introduction to Computational Models of Social Life. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2007)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  62. Mertikopoulos, P., Moustakas, A.L.: The Emergence of Rational Behavior in the Presence of Stochastic Perturbations. The Annals of Applied Probability 20, 1359–1388 (2010)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  63. Shor, M.: Prisoners’ Dilemma. In: Dictionary of Game Theory Terms, Game Theory.net, http://www.gametheory.net/dictionary/games/PrisonersDilemma.html (accessed at October 12, 2010)

  64. Permuter, H., Shamai, H.S., Somekh-Baruch, A.: Message and State Cooperation in Multiple Access Channels. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 57(10), 6379–6396 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  65. Escrig, B., Roviras, D., Paillassa, B., Panichpattankul, W.: A Framework for Cooperative Communications at the System Level. In: Second IEEE International Workshop on Technologies and Standards for Wireless Mesh Networking (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  66. Murphy, P., Sabrharwal, A.: Building a Cooperative Communications System. Computer, 1–19 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  67. Kramer, G., Marić, I., Yates, R.D.: Cooperative Communications. Foundations and Trends® in Networking 4(3-4), 271–425 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Giordano, S., Urpi, A.: Self-Organized and Cooperative Ad Hoc Networking. In: Basagni, S., Conti, M., Giordano, S., Stojmenovic, I. (eds.) Mobile Ad Hoc Networking, ch. 13, pp. 355–371. Wiley-IEEE Press, Hoboken (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  69. Michiardi, P., Molva, R.: Ad Hoc Networks Security. In: Basagni, S., Conti, M., Giordano, S., Stojmenovic, I. (eds.) Mobile Ad Hoc Networking, ch. 12, pp. 329–354. Wiley-IEEE Press, Hoboken (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  70. Wolpert, D.H.: Collective Intelligence. In: Fogel, D.B., Robinson, C. (eds.) Computational Intelligence: The Experts Speak, ch. 17. IEEE, Wiley, New York (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  71. Ostrom, E.: Personal communication, Request for Opinion on Subtractability of Value as a replacement for Subtractability of Flow in Information Exchanges (June 25, 2010)

    Google Scholar 

  72. Miner, J.B.: Organizational Behavior 2: Essential Theories of Process and Structure, pp. 109–126. M. E. Sharpe, Inc., Armonk (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  73. Miner, J.B.: Organizational Behavior 1: Essential Theories of Motivation and Leadership, pp. 94–113. M. E. Sharpe, Inc., Armonk (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  74. SEAS: What is SEAS? (2010), http://teamseas.com/content/view/55/71/ (accessed October 12, 2010)

  75. Ahn, T.K., Ostrom, E., Schmidt, D., Shupp, R., Walker, J.: Cooperation in PD Games: Fear, greed, and history of play. Public Choice 106, 137–155 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Komorita, S.S., Parks, C.D.: Interpersonal relations: Mixed-motive interaction. Annual Review of Psychology 46, 183–207 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Bonacich, P., Shure, G.H., Kahan, J.P., Meeker, R.J.: Cooperation and group size in the n-person prisoner’s dilemma. Journal of Conflict Resolution 20, 687–706 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  78. West, S.A., El Mouden, C., Gardner, A.: Sixteen common misconceptions about the evolution of cooperation in humans. Evolution and Human Behavior 32, 231–262 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Noë, R.: Cooperation. In: Koob, G.F., Le Moal, M., Thompson, R.F. (eds.) Encyclopedia of Behavioral Neuroscience, pp. 345–353. Elsevier (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  80. Parson, T.: The Social System. Routledge, New York (1951)

    Google Scholar 

  81. Arrow, K.J.: A Utilitarian Approach to the Concept of Equality in Public Expenditure. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 85(3), 409–415 (1971)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Akerlof, G.A.: The Economics of Caste and of the Rat Race and Other Woeful Tales. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 90(4), 599–617 (1976)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Hardin, R.: Collective Action. Resources for the Future, New York (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  84. Axelrod, R.: The Evolution of Cooperation, Revised Edition. Basic Books, New York (2006[1984])

    Google Scholar 

  85. Bicchieri, C.: Rationality and Coordination, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1996, 1993)

    Google Scholar 

  86. Kahneman, D.: Thinking, Fast and Slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  87. Kahneman, D.: Judgment and decision making: A personal view. Psychological Science 2, 142–145 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  88. Kahneman, D.: A perspective on judgment and choice: Mapping bounded rationality. American Psychologist 58(9), 697–720 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Kahneman, D., Tversky, A.: Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica 47(2), 263–291 (1979)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  90. Kahneman, D., Tversky, A.: Choices, Values and Frames. American Psychologist 39, 341–350 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., Tversky, A.: Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases. Cambridge University Press, New York (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  92. Kramer, R.M., Tenbrunsel, A.E., Bazerman, M.X. (eds.): Social Decision Making: Social Dilemmas, Social Values, and Ethical Judgments. Psychology Press, New York (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  93. Biel, Eek, D., Gärling, T., Gustafson, M.: New Issues and Paradigms in Research on Social Dilemmas, pp. 43–56. Springer Science+ Business Media, New York (2008)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  94. Gintis, H.: Review of B. Skyrms, The Stag Hunt and the Evolution of Social Structure (2009), http://www.amazon.com

  95. Aumann, R.J., Shapley, L.S.: Long-Term Competition: A Game-Theoretic Analysis. In: Megiddo, N. (ed.) Essays in Game Theory in Honor of Michael Maschler, pp. 1–15. Springer, New York (1994)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  96. Rubinstein, A.: Equilibrium in Supergames. In: Megiddo, N. (ed.) Essays in Game Theory in Honor of Michael Maschler, pp. 17–28. Springer, New York (1994)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  97. Simon, H.A.: Invariants of Human Behavior. Annual Review of Psychology 41, 1–19 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. John, L., McCormick, P., McCormick, T., McNeill, G., Boardman, J.: Impact of Behavioral Forces on Knowledge Sharing in an Extended Enterprise System of Systems. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Knowledge Management and Information Sharing. INSTICC (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  99. Sterman, J.D.: All models are Wrong: Reflections on Becoming a Systems Scientist. Systems Dynamics Review 18, 501–531 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  100. Derman, E.: Models. Behaving. Badly. Why Confusing Illusion with Reality Can Lead to Disaster, on Wall Street and in Life. The Free Press, New York (2011)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Analytic Services, Inc., Arlington, VA, U.S.A.

    Lawrence John

  2. Alpha Informatics, Ltd., Manassas, VA, U.S.A.

    Patricia M. McCormick & Tom McCormick

  3. ExoAnalytic Solutions, Inc, Mission Viejo, CA, U.S.A.

    Greg McNeill

  4. School of Systems and Enterprises, Stevens Insitute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, U.S.A.

    John Boardman

Authors
  1. Lawrence John
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Patricia M. McCormick
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Tom McCormick
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Greg McNeill
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. John Boardman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. IST - Technical University of Lisbon, Av.Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal

    Ana Fred

  2. Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands

    Jan L. G. Dietz

  3. Informatics Research Centre, Henley Business School, University of Reading, RG6 6UD, Reading, UK

    Kecheng Liu

  4. INSTICC and IPS, Estefanilha, Setúbal, Portugal

    Joaquim Filipe

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

John, L., McCormick, P.M., McCormick, T., McNeill, G., Boardman, J. (2013). Assessing the Impact of In-government Cooperation Dynamics: A Simluation-Based Systems Inquiry. In: Fred, A., Dietz, J.L.G., Liu, K., Filipe, J. (eds) Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management. IC3K 2011. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 348. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37186-8_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37186-8_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-37185-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-37186-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation