Abstract
As has been stated elsewhere, norms are a valuable means of establishing coherent cooperative behaviour in decentralised systems in which there is no central authority. Axelrod’s seminal model of norm establishment in populations of self-interested individuals provides some insight into the mechanisms needed to support this through the use of metanorms, but considers only limited scenarios and domains. While further developments of Axelrod’s model have addressed some of the limitations, in particular in considering its application to different topological structures, this too has been limited in not offering an effective means of bringing about norm compliance in scale-free networks, due to the problematic effects of hubs. This paper offers a solution, first by adjusting the model to more appropriately reflect the characteristics of the problem, and second by offering a new dynamic policy adaptation approach to learning the right behaviour. Experimental results demonstrate that this dynamic policy adaptation overcomes the difficulties posed by asymmetric distribution of links in scale-free networks, leading to an absence of norm violation, and instead norm emergence.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adar, E., Huberman, B.A.: Free riding on gnutella. First Monday 5(10) (2000)
Axelrod, R.: An evolutionary approach to norms. The American Political Science Review 80(4), 1095–1111 (1986)
Barabasi, A.L., Albert, R.: Emergence of Scaling in Random Networks. Science 286(5439), 509–512 (1999)
de Pinninck, A.P., Sierra, C., Schorlemmer, W.M.: Friends no more: norm enforcement in multiagent systems. In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, pp. 640–642 (2007)
Delgado, J., Pujol, J.M., Sangüesa, R.: Emergence of coordination in scale-free networks. Web Intellgence. and Agent Systems 1, 131–138 (2003)
Epstein, J.M.: Learning to be thoughtless: Social norms and individual computation. Computational Economics 18(1), 9–24 (2001)
Flentge, F., Polani, D., Uthmann, T.: Modelling the emergence of possession norms using memes. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 4(4) (2001)
Galán, J.M., Latek, M.M., Rizi, S.M.M.: Axelrod’s metanorm games on networks. PLoS ONE 6(5), e20474 (2011)
Mahmoud, S., Keppens, J., Luck, M., Griffiths, N.: Norm establishment via metanorms in network topologies. In: IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT), vol. 3, pp. 25–28 (2011)
Mahmoud, S., Keppens, J., Luck, M., Griffiths, N.: Overcoming omniscience in axelrod’s model. In: IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT), vol. 3, pp. 29–32 (2011)
Savarimuthu, B.T.R., Cranefield, S., Purvis, M.K., Purvis, M.: Norm emergence in agent societies formed by dynamically changing networks. In: Proc. 2007 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology, pp. 464–470 (2007)
Savarimuthu, B.T.R., Purvis, M., Purvis, M., Cranefield, S.: Social Norm Emergence in Virtual Agent Societies. In: Baldoni, M., Son, T.C., van Riemsdijk, M.B., Winikoff, M. (eds.) DALT 2008. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 5397, pp. 18–28. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Sen, O., Sen, S.: Effects of Social Network Topology and Options on Norm Emergence. In: Padget, J., Artikis, A., Vasconcelos, W., Stathis, K., da Silva, V.T., Matson, E., Polleres, A. (eds.) COIN 2009. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 6069, pp. 211–222. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Shoham, Y., Tennenholtz, M.: On social laws for artificial agent societies: off-line design. Artificial Intelligence 73(1-2), 231–252 (1995)
Villatoro, D., Sen, S., Sabater-Mir, J.: Topology and memory effect on convention emergence. In: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technologies, pp. 233–240.
Walker, A., Wooldridge, M.: Understanding the Emergence of Conventions in Multi-Agent Systems. In: Lesser, V. (ed.) Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems, pp. 384–389. MIT Press (1995)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mahmoud, S., Griffiths, N., Keppens, J., Luck, M. (2013). Norm Emergence through Dynamic Policy Adaptation in Scale Free Networks. In: Aldewereld, H., Sichman, J.S. (eds) Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Agent Systems VIII. COIN 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 7756. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37756-3_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37756-3_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-37755-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-37756-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)