Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

In Search of Elegance in the Theory and Practice of Computation pp 56–88Cite as

A New Framework for Designing Schema Mappings

  • Chapter

  • 1269 Accesses

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 8000))

Abstract

One of the fundamental tasks in information integration is to specify the relationships, called schema mappings, between database schemas. Schema mappings specify how data structured under a source schema is to be transformed into data structured under a target schema. The design of schema mappings is usually a non-trivial and time-intensive process and the task of designing schema mappings is exacerbated by the fact that schemas that occur in real life tend to be large and heterogeneous. Traditional approaches for designing schema mappings are either manual or performed through a user interface from which a schema mapping is interpreted from correspondences between attributes of the source and target schemas. These correspondences are either specified by the user or automatically derived by applying schema matching on the two schemas.

In this paper, we examine an alternative approach that allows a user to follow the “divide-design-merge” paradigm for specifying a schema mapping. The user can choose to independently design schema mappings for smaller portions of the source and target schema. Afterwards, the user can interact with the system to refine and further design schema mappings through the use of data examples. Finally, in the merge phase, a global schema mapping is generated through the correlation of the individual schema mappings.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Alexe, B., ten Cate, B., Kolaitis, P.G., Tan, W.C.: Designing and Refining Schema Mappings via Data Examples. In: SIGMOD Conference (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Alexe, B., Chiticariu, L., Miller, R.J., Pepper, D., Tan, W.C.: Muse: a System for Understanding and Designing Mappings. In: SIGMOD Conference, pp. 1281–1284 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Alexe, B., Chiticariu, L., Miller, R.J., Tan, W.C.: Muse: Mapping Understanding and deSign by Example. In: ICDE, pp. 10–19 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Alexe, B., et al.: Simplifying Information Integration: Object-Based Flow-of-Mappings Framework for Integration. In: Castellanos, M., Dayal, U., Sellis, T. (eds.) BIRTE 2008. LNBIP, vol. 27, pp. 108–121. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Alexe, B., Hernández, M.A., Popa, L., Tan, W.C.: MapMerge: Correlating Independent Schema Mappings. PVLDB 3(1), 81–92 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Alexe, B., Hernández, M.A., Popa, L., Tan, W.C.: MapMerge: Correlating Independent Schema Mappings. VLDB Journal 21(1), 1–21 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Alexe, B., Kolaitis, P.G., Tan, W.C.: Characterizing Schema Mappings via Data Examples. In: ACM PODS, pp. 261–272 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Alexe, B.: Interactive and Modular Design of Schema Mappings. Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Alexe, B., ten Cate, B., Kolaitis, P.G., Tan, W.C.: Characterizing schema mappings via data examples. ACM TODS 36(4) (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Alexe, B., ten Cate, B., Kolaitis, P.G., Tan, W.C.: Eirene: Interactive design and refinement of schema mappings via data examples. PVLDB (Demonstration Track) (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Beeri, C., Vardi, M.Y.: A Proof Procedure for Data Dependencies. JACM 31(4), 718–741 (1984)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Bernstein, P.A., Haas, L.M.: Information Integration in the Enterprise. Commun. ACM 51(9), 72–79 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Microsoft BizTalk Server, http://www.microsoft.com/biztalk

  14. Bonifati, A., Chang, E.Q., Ho, T., Lakshmanan, L.V.S.: HepToX: Heterogeneous Peer to Peer XML Databases (2005), http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:cs/0506002

  15. Bonifati, A., Chang, E.Q., Ho, T., Lakshmanan, V.S., Pottinger, R.: HePToX: Marrying XML and Heterogeneity in Your P2P Databases. In: VLDB, pp. 1267–1270 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Fagin, R., Haas, L.M., Hernández, M., Miller, R.J., Popa, L., Velegrakis, Y.: Clio: Schema Mapping Creation and Data Exchange. In: Borgida, A.T., Chaudhri, V.K., Giorgini, P., Yu, E.S. (eds.) Conceptual Modeling: Foundations and Applications. LNCS, vol. 5600, pp. 198–236. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Fagin, R., Kolaitis, P.G., Miller, R.J., Popa, L.: Data Exchange: Semantics and Query Answering. TCS 336(1), 89–124 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Fagin, R., Kolaitis, P.G., Popa, L., Tan, W.C.: Composing Schema Mappings: Second-Order Dependencies to the Rescue. TODS 30(4), 994–1055 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Fuxman, A., Hernández, M.A., Ho, H., Miller, R.J., Papotti, P., Popa, L.: Nested Mappings: Schema Mapping Reloaded. In: VLDB, pp. 67–78 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  20. International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collection, http://www.insdc.org

  21. Kolaitis, P.G.: Schema Mappings, Data Exchange, and Metadata Management. In: PODS, pp. 61–75 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Lenzerini, M.: Data Integration: A Theoretical Perspective. In: PODS, pp. 233–246 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Madhavan, J., Halevy, A.Y.: Composing Mappings Among Data Sources. In: VLDB, pp. 572–583 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Maier, D., Mendelzon, A.O., Sagiv, Y.: Testing Implications of Data Dependencies. TODS 4(4), 455–469 (1979)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Altova MapForce, http://www.altova.com

  26. Marnette, B., Mecca, G., Papotti, P., Raunich, S., Santoro, D.: ++spicy: an opensource tool for second-generation schema mapping and data exchange. PVLDB 4(12), 1438–1441 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Nash, A., Bernstein, P.A., Melnik, S.: Composition of Mappings Given by Embedded Dependencies. In: PODS, pp. 172–183 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Popa, L., Velegrakis, Y., Miller, R.J., Hernández, M.A., Fagin, R.: Translating Web Data. In: VLDB, pp. 598–609 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Rahm, E., Bernstein, P.A.: A Survey of Approaches to Automatic Schema Matching. VLDB Journal 10(4), 334–350 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Roth, M., Hernández, M.A., Coulthard, P., Yan, L., Popa, L., Ho, H.C.T., Salter, C.C.: XML Mapping Technology: Making Connections in an XML-centric World. IBM Sys. Journal 45(2), 389–410 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Shu, N.C., Housel, B.C., Taylor, R.W., Ghosh, S.P., Lum, V.Y.: EXPRESS: A Data EXtraction, Processing, and REStructuring System. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 2(2), 134–174 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Smith, J.M., Bernstein, P.A., Dayal, U., Goodman, N., Landers, T.A., Lin, K.W.T., Wong, E.: Multibase: Integrating Heterogeneous Distributed Database Systems. In: AFIPS National Computer Conference, pp. 487–499 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Stylus Studio, http://www.stylusstudio.com

  34. U.S. Census Bureau, http://www.census.gov

  35. Yan, L., Miller, R., Haas, L., Fagin, R.: Data-Driven Understanding and Refinement of Schema Mappings. In: SIGMOD, pp. 485–496 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Yu, C., Popa, L.: Semantic Adaptation of Schema Mappings when Schemas Evolve. In: VLDB, pp. 1006–1017 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. IBM Research - Almaden, San Jose, CA, USA

    Bogdan Alexe

  2. University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA

    Wang-Chiew Tan

Authors
  1. Bogdan Alexe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Wang-Chiew Tan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, 3330 Walnut St., 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Val Tannen

  2. School of Computing, National University of Singapore, 13 Computing Drive, 117417, Singapore, Singapore

    Limsoon Wong

  3. School of Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, 10 Crichton Street, EH8 9AB, Edinburgh, UK

    Leonid Libkin , Wenfei Fan  & Michael Fourman ,  & 

  4. Department of Computer Science, University of California, 1156 High Street, 95064, Santa Cruz, CA, USA

    Wang-Chiew Tan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Alexe, B., Tan, WC. (2013). A New Framework for Designing Schema Mappings. In: Tannen, V., Wong, L., Libkin, L., Fan, W., Tan, WC., Fourman, M. (eds) In Search of Elegance in the Theory and Practice of Computation. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8000. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41660-6_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41660-6_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-41659-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-41660-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation