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Sperren disjunkter, nicht-rekursiver komplexer Objekte mittels objekt- und anfragespezifischer Sperrgraphen

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Book cover Datenbanksysteme in Büro, Technik und Wissenschaft

Part of the book series: Informatik-Fachberichte ((INFORMATIK,volume 204))

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Die Benutzung von Datenbanksystemen im Bereich der sogenannten Nicht-Standard-Anwendungen wie etwa CAD/CAM, Robotik und Künstliche Intel1igenz führt zu zahlreichen neuen Anforderungen. Dazu zählen vor allem die Verwaltung komplexer Objekte und die Unterstützung von Workstation-Server-Umgebungen mit den dort vorherrschenden langen Transaktionen. Traditionelle Synchronisationsverfahren für den Mehrbenutzerbetrieb weisen im Hinblick auf diese Anforderungen gravierende Nachteile auf: Entweder werden Transaktionen, die eigentlich parallel ablaufen könnten, unnötigerweise serialisiert, oder aber der systeminterne Aufwand für die Mehrbenutzerkontrolle steigt drastisch an, was sich áuf das gesamte Systemverhalten einer Anwendung stark leistungsmindernd auswirken kann.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein neuartiges, aus dem bekannten DAG-Sperrverfahren von System R abgeleitetes Synchronisationsverfahren vorgeschlagen, das diese Nachteile traditioneller Techniken vermeidet. Das vorgestellte Verfahren erlaubt bei akzeptablem Aufwand einen hohen Grad an Parallelität auf disjunkten, nicht-rekursiven komplexen Objekten. Dies wird durch die Verwendung von angepaßten Sperrgranulaten innerhalb der Struktur von komplexen Objekten und durch die Vorwegnahme von Sperreskalationen erreicht. Sperrgranulate innerhalb der Struktur komplexer Objekte spiegeln sich in objektspezifischen Sperrgraphen wider; die Vorwegnahme von Sperreskalationen zeigt sich im sogenannten anfragespezifischen Sperrgraphen. Die Große der zu sperrenden Granulate und die entsprechenden Sperrmodi werden mit Hilfe von Informationen über die Struktur der berührten komplexen Objekte automatisch so aus einer Anfrage abgeleitet, daß der Durchsatz des Datenbanksystems möglichst hoch zu werden verspricht. Der Nutzen dieses Verfahrens wird zunächst qualitativ bewertet und anschließend anhand eines konkreten Zahlenbeispiels genauer quantifiziert.

Abstract

The use of database systems in the fields of so-called non-standard applications like CAD/CAM, robotics, and artificial intelligence leads to many new requirements. Some of the most important ones are the support of complex objects and of workstation-server environments with long transactions. With regard to these requirements traditional techniques for concurrency control reveal some severe drawbacks: Either transactions are serialized unnecessarily or the overhead for concurrency control grows drastically which reduces the performance of the whole system.

In this paper a new technique for concurrency control is proposed which is derived from the well-known DAG-lok-king mechanism of System R. The proposed technique avoids the disadvantages of traditional methods. With acceptable overhead a high degree of parallelism is achieved on disjoint, non-recursive complex objects. This is attained by the use of appropriate locking granules within the structure of complex objects and by the anticipation of lock escalations. Lock granules within the structure of complex objects are represented in the object-specific lock graphs; the query-specific lock graphs show the anticipation of lock escalations. The size of the lock granules and the corresponding lock modes are derived automatically from a query by using information about the structure of the complex objects. This is done in a way that the throughput of the whole system is expected to be as high as possible. The benefits of the proposed technique are first evaluated qualitatively and then demonstrated by using a concrete numerical example.

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Herrmann, U., Dadam, P., Küspert, K., Schlageter, G. (1989). Sperren disjunkter, nicht-rekursiver komplexer Objekte mittels objekt- und anfragespezifischer Sperrgraphen. In: Härder, T. (eds) Datenbanksysteme in Büro, Technik und Wissenschaft. Informatik-Fachberichte, vol 204. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74571-3_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74571-3_9

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