Skip to main content

Strategies in Social Software

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 8972))

Abstract

Viewing the way society has defined its rules and mechanisms as “social software”, we want to understand how people behave given their understanding of the societal rules and given their wish to further their interest as they conceive it, and how social mechanisms should be designed to suit people furthering their interest as they conceive it. This chapter is written from the perspective of strategic game theory, and uses strategic game scenarios and game transformations to analyze societal mechanisms.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Apt, K.R., Schäfer, G.: Selfishness level of strategic games. In: Serna, M. (ed.) SAGT 2012. LNCS, vol. 7615, pp. 13–24. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Ariely, D., Gneezy, U., Loewenstein, G., Mazar, N.: Large stakes and big mistakes. Rev. Econ. Stud. 76, 451–469 (2009)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Aristotle.: The Politics of Aristotle: Translated into English with Introduction, Marginal Analysis, Essays, Notes and Indices, vol. 1. Clarendon Press, Oxford (330 BC). Translated and annotated by B. Jowett (1885)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Aumann, R.J.: Agreeing to disagree. Ann. Stat. 4, 1236–1239 (1976)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Baden, J.A., Noonan, D.S. (eds.): Managing the Commons, 2nd edn. Indiana University Press, Bloomington (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Beccaria, C.: On Crimes and Punishment (Dei delitti e delle pene). Marco Coltellini, Livorno (1764)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Becker, G.S.: Nobel lecture: The economic way of looking at behavior. J. Polit. Econ. 101(3), 385–409 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. van Benthem, J.: In praise of strategies. In: van Eijck, J., Verbrugge, R. (eds.) Games, Actions and Social Software 2010. LNCS, vol. 7010, pp. 96–116. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Berg, J., Dickhaut, J., McCabe, K.: Trust, reciprocity, and social history. Games Econ. Behav. 10(1), 122–142 (1995)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Brams, S.: Mathematics and Democracy: Designing Better Voting and Fair Division Procedures. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2008)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  11. Camerer, C.F.: Behavioral Game Theory: Experiments in Strategic Interaction. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Chen, P.A., Kempe, D.: Altruism, selfishness, and spite in traffic routing. In: Proceedings 10th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce, pp. 140–149 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Cheng, A., Friedman, E.: Sybilproof reputation mechanisms. In: Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Economics of Peer-to-Peer Systems, P2PECON 2005, pp. 128–132. ACM, New York (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Chwe, M.S.Y.: Rational Ritual. Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Condorcet, M.: Essai sur l’Application de l’Analyse à la Probabilité des Décisions Rendues à la Pluralité des Voix. Imprimerie Royale, Paris (1785)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Darley, J.M., Letane, B.: Bystander intervention in emergencies: diffusion of responsibility. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 8, 377–383 (1968)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. van Eijck, J.: PDL as a multi-agent strategy logic. In: Schipper, B.C. (ed.) TARK 2013 - Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Knowledge, Proceedings of the 14th Conference - Chennai, India, pp. 206–215 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  18. van Eijck, J., Verbrugge, R. (eds.): Discourses on Social Software. Texts in Logic and Games, vol. 5. Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam (2009)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Fehr, E., Gächter, S.: Altruistic punishment in humans. Nature 415, 137–140 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Freud, S.: Das Unbehagen in der Kultur (Civilization and Its Discontents). Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag, Vienna (1930)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Galton, F.: Vox populi. Nature 75, 450–451 (1907)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Gilboa, I.: Rational Choice. MIT Press, Cambridge (2010)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Gordon, H.S.: The economic theory of a common-property resource: the fishery. J. Polit. Econ. 62, 124–142 (1954)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Güth, W., Schmittberger, R., Schwarze, B.: An experimental analysis of ultimatum bargaining. J. Econ. Behav. Organ. 3(4), 367–388 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Hardin, G.: The tragedy of the commons. Science 162, 1243–48 (1968)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Hurwicz, L., Reiter, S.: Designing Economic Mechanisms. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2006)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  27. Kaul, I., Conceicao, P., Le Gouven, K., Mendoz, R.U.: Providing Global Public Goods. Oxford University Press, New York (2003)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  28. Kaul, I., Grunberg, I., Stern, M.A.: Global Public Goods. Oxford University Press, New York (1999)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  29. Kleinberg, J.M.: Authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment. J. ACM 46(5), 604–632 (1999)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Körner, T.W.: Naive Decision Making: Mathematics Applied to the Social World. Cambridge University Press, New York (2008)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  31. Kozen, D., Parikh, R.: An elementary proof of the completeness of PDL. Theor. Comput. Sci. 14, 113–118 (1981)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  32. Krishna, V.: Auction Theory. Elsevier Science, USA (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Kuhn, H.W., Nasar, S. (eds.): The Essential John Nash. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Lewis, D.K.: Convention: A Philosophical Study. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  35. List, C., Goodin, R.E.: Epistemic democracy: generalizing the Condorcet jury theorem. J. Polit. Philos. 9(3), 277–306 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Manning, R., Levine, M., Collins, A.: The Kitty Genovese murder and the social psychology of helping: the parable of the 38 witnesses. Am. Psychol. 62, 555–562 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Tzu, S.: The Art of War, translated and with an introduction by Samuel B. Griffith. Oxford University Press, 450 BC. Translation from 1963

    Google Scholar 

  38. Milgrom, P.: Putting Auction Theory to Work (Churchill Lectures in Economics). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2004)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  39. Osborne, M.J.: An Introduction to Game Theory. Oxford University Press, New York (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Ostrom, E.: Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press, Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions (1990)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  41. Pacuit, E., Parikh, R., Cogan, E.: The logic of knowledge based obligation. Synthese 31, 311–341 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  42. Parikh, R.: Social software. Synthese 132, 187–211 (2002)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  43. Pratt, V.: Semantical considerations on Floyd-Hoare logic. In: Proceedings of 17th IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pp. 109–121 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Resnick, P., Kuwabara, K., Zeckhauser, R., Friedman, E.: Reputation systems. Commun. ACM 43(12), 45–48 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Rogner, H.-H., Zhou, R., Bradley, R., Crabbé, P., Edenhofer, O., Hare, B., Kuijpers, L., Yamaguchi, M.: Introduction. In: Metz, B., et al. (eds.) Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Rousseau, J.J.: Discours sur l’Origine et les Fondements de l’Inégalité Parmi les Hommes. Marc Michel Rey, Amsterdam (1755)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Shoham, Y., Leyton-Brown, K.: Multiagent Systems: Algorithmic, Game-Theoretic, and Logical Foundations. Cambridge University Press, New York (2008)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  48. Sigmund, K.: The Calculus of Selfishness. Princeton Series in Theoretical and Computational Biology. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2010)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  49. Smith, A.: An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Liberty Fund, Indianapolis (1776)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  50. Surowiecki, J.: The Wisdom of Crowds: Why the Many Are Smarter Than the Few and How Collective Wisdom Shapes Business, Economies, Societies and Nation. Random House, New York (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Taylor, A.D.: Social Choice and the Mathematics of Manipulation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2005)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  52. Tenner, E.: Why Things Bite Back - Technology and the Revenge Effect. Fourth Estate, London (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Thaler, R.H., Sunstein, C.R.: Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness. A Caravan book. Yale University Press, New Haven (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  54. Vazirani, V.V., Nisan, N., Roughgarden, T., Tardos, E.: Algorithmic Game Theory. Cambridge University Press, New York (2007)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  55. Vickrey, W.: Counterspeculation, auctions, and competitive sealed tenders. J. Finance 16(1), 8–37 (1961)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. von Clausewitz, M. (ed.): Vom Kriege, Hinterlassenes Werk des Generals Carl von Clausewitz. Ferdinand Dümmler, Berlin (1832–1834)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

Johan van Benthem, Robin Clark and Rainer Kessler sent their written comments on an early draft, in which Floor Sietsma was also involved. Later, I received helpful comments from Barteld Kooi.

The final version has benefitted from extensive reports by two anonymous reviewers. Since these reports were excellent, I have tried to implement almost all referee suggestions. Inspiring conversations with Mamoru Kaneko have led to further improvements.

Thanks are also due to book editors Rineke Verbrugge and Sujata Ghosh for detailed comments on the final version and for help with proof-reading, and to the other participants in the Lorentz workshop on Modeling Strategic Reasoning for inspiring feedback. Finally, I acknowledge communication with Krzysztof Apt and Guido Schaefer.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jan van Eijck .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

van Eijck, J. (2015). Strategies in Social Software. In: van Benthem, J., Ghosh, S., Verbrugge, R. (eds) Models of Strategic Reasoning. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8972. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48540-8_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48540-8_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-48539-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-48540-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics