Skip to main content

Physically-based Wrinkle Simulation & Skin Rendering

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Eurographics ((EUROGRAPH))

Abstract

Wrinkle simulation with skin modeling and deformation are extremely important in enhancing the realism of human figure models. In this paper we present a model which simulates the skin deformation based on a biomechanic model and generates dynamic wrinkles rendered with texture image. The biomechanical model considers the skin as a membrane undergoing large deformations and puts the local coordinate system of each triangle element to its principal strain directions. Synthetic micro and macro structure patterns combined with real photos are employed as texture images to mimic the skin surface details. Furthermore, the potential wrinkle lines are defined, the dynamics of expressive wrinkles and aging wrinkles --their depth and fold-- is modeled based on the principal strain of the deformed skin surface and duration of deformation. Multi-layered color and bump texture mapping is used for skin rendering.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Danielson D A and Natarajan S (1975), “Tension Field Theory and the Stress in Stretched Skin,” J. Biomechanics, Vol.8, pp. 135–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farin, G (1990), Curves and Surfaces for Computer Aided Geometric Design, A Practical Guide. Academic Press, Second Edition.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Fung, Y C, (1993), “Bioviscoelastic Solids,” in Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues. Springer Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishii T, Yasuda T, Yokoi S and Toriwaki J (1993), “A Generation Model for Human Skin Texture.” Proc. of CGI ’93, pp. 139–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gritz L, BMRT Home Page:http://www.seas.gwu.edu/students/gritz/bmrt.html.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalra P and Magnenat-Thalmann N (1993), “Simulation of Facial Skin using Texture Mapping and Coloration,” Proc. ICCG’93, Bombay India, in Graphics, Design and Visualization, pp. 247–256.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman A (1988), “TSL- a Texture Synthesis Language,” The Visual Computer, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 148–158.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Koch RM, Gross MH, Carls FR, Von Buren DF, Fankhauser G and Parish YI(1996), “Simulation Facial Surgery Using Finite Element Models,” Proc. of SIGGRAPH’96, Computer Graphics, pp. 421–428.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lanir, Y (1987), “Skin Mechanics,” in Ed. Skalak, R. Handbook of Bioenginering, Mc GrawHill Book Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larrabee WF(1986), “A Finite Element Method of Skin Deformation: I.Biomechanics of Skin and Soft Tissues,” Laryngoscop, 96: 399–405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee Y and Terzopoulos D(1995), “Realistic Modeling for Animation,” Proc. of SIGGRAPH’95, Computer Graphics, pp. 55–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Magnenat-Thalmann N, Primeau E, Thalmann D (1988), “Abstract Muscle Action Procedures for Human Face Animation,” The Visual Computer, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 290–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marks R (1983), “Mechanical Properties of the Skin,” in Ed. Goldsmith L, Biochemistry and Physiology of the Skin, Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, G (1988), “The Motion Dynamics of Snakes and Worms,” Proc. of SIGGRAPH’88, Computer Graphics, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 169–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nahas M, Huitric H, Rioux M and Domey J (1990), “Facial Image Synthesis Using Skin Texture Recording,” The Visual Computer, Vol. 6, pp. 337–343.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parke FI(1974), “A Parametric Model for Human Faces,” Ph. D Dissertation, University of Utah.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parke FI(1982), “Parametric Model for Facial Animation ” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, Vol. 2, No. 9, pp. 61–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Platt S, Badler N(1981), “Animating Facial Expressions,” Proc SIGGRAPH’81 Computer Graphics, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 245–252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pieper S(1992), “ CAPS: Computed-Aided Plastic Surgery,” Ph.D Thesis, MIT, Media Arts and Sciences, Cambridge, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shanders R(1973), “Torsional Elasticity of Human Skin in Vivo,” Pluegers Arch., No.342, pp. 255–260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terzopoulos D, Waters K(1990), “Physically-Based Facial Modeling and Animation”, Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation, Vol. 1, pp. 73–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Timoshenko, S.P. and Goodier, J.N. (1982), Theory of Elasticity, McGraw-Hill

    Google Scholar 

  • Upstill S(1989), The RenderMan Companion, Addision-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viaud M, Yahia H (1992), “Facial Animation with Wrinkles,” 3rd Workshop on Animation, Eurographics’92, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waters K(1987), “A Muscle Model for Animating Three Dimensional Facial Expression,” Proc SIGGRAPH’87, Computer Graphics, Vol.21, No. 4, pp. 123–128.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Wu Y, Magnenat Thalmann N and Thalmann D (1994), “A Plastic-Visco-Elastic Model for Wrinkles In Facial Animation And Skin Aging,” Proc. Pacific Conference ’94, pp.201–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu Y, Kalra P and Magnenat Thalmann (1996), “Simulation of Static and Dynamic Wrinkles of Skin,” Proc. of Computer Animation’96, Geneva, Switzerland, pp.90–97.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer-Verlag/Wien

About this paper

Cite this paper

Wu, Y., Kalra, P., Thalmann, N.M. (1997). Physically-based Wrinkle Simulation & Skin Rendering. In: Thalmann, D., van de Panne, M. (eds) Computer Animation and Simulation ’97. Eurographics. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6874-5_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6874-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-83048-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-6874-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics