Abstract
For the problem of beautification and self-recovery of visual QR (Quick Response) code, this paper proposes two schemes. The first scheme uses data hiding and beautified QR code for self-recovery. By decoding this visual QR code, we can not only access the relevant links embedded in it but also restore the original image. However, the QR code may be maliciously tampered with by the attacker during transmission (e.g., redirected to a phishing website). For tampering protection and recovery of the QR code, the QR code is bound with the background image. This increases the security level when user scans a QR code. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is superior to the reference method in terms of visual quality.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
QR code standardization: http://www.denso-wave.com/qrcode/qrstandard-e.html
Kan, T.W., Teng, C.H., Chou, W.S.: Applying QR code in augmented reality applications. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry, pp. 253–257 (2009)
Qu, D.C., Pan, J.S., Weng, S.W., Xu, S.Q.: A novel reversible data hiding method for color images based on dynamic payload partition and cross-channel correlation. J. Inf. Hiding Multimed. Signal Process. 7(6) (2016)
Huang, H.C., Chang, F.C., Fang, W.C.: Reversible data hiding with histogram-based difference expansion for QR code applications. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 57(2), 779–787 (2011)
Wakahara, T., Yamamoto, N., Ochi, H.: Image processing of dotted picture in the QR code of cellular phone. In: 2010 International Conference on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing, pp. 454–458 (2010)
Wakahara, T., Yamamoto, N.: Image processing of 2-dimensional barcodes. In: 14th International Conference on Network-Based Information Systems, pp. 484–490 (2011)
Liu, S.J., Zhang, J., Pan, J.S., Weng, C.J.: A novel information embedding and recovering method for qr code based on module subdivision. J. Inf. Hiding Multimed. Signal Process. 9(2), 515–522 (2018)
Zhang, S., Yoshino, K.: DWT-based watermarking using QR code. Sci. J. Kanagawa Univ. 19, 3–6 (2008)
Chung, C.H., Chen, W.Y., Tu, C.M.: Image hidden technique using QR-barcode. In: International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, pp. 12–14 (2009)
Liu, S.J., Zhang, J., Pan, J.S., Weng, C.J.: SVQR: A novel secure visual quick response code and its anti-counterfeiting solution. J. Inf. Hiding Multimed. Signal Process. 8(5), 1132–1140 (2017)
Sarreshtedari, S., Akhaee, M.A.: A source-channel coding approach to digital image protection and self-recovery. IEEE Trans. Image Process 24(7), 2266–2277 (2015)
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 61272432) and Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. ZR2014JL044).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cai, H., Yan, B., Pan, JS. (2019). Visual QR Code with Beautication and Self-recovery Based on Data Hiding. In: Pan, JS., Lin, JW., Sui, B., Tseng, SP. (eds) Genetic and Evolutionary Computing. ICGEC 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 834. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5841-8_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5841-8_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-5840-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-5841-8
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)