Zusammenfassung
Dieser Bericht enthält die Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung des Farbensehens der Wirbeltiere, dargestellt in einem theoretischen Modell, das, obgleich es nur einen Receptor besitzt, auch auf mehrere Receptoren erweitert werden kann. Es wird angenommen 1., daß die Zeitkonstante der Veränderung des Receptor-Potentials die Farbeninformation des Lichtreizes überträgt, während die Potentialgröße mit der Intensität des Lichtreizes zusammenhängt, und 2., daß eine Gruppe von Zellen, die vorläufig als Ganglionzellen angenommen werden, mit jedem Receptorfeld assoziiert sind. Diese Zellen werden nur dann aktiviert, wenn die Zeitkonstante in einen bestimmten Bereich fällt. Demgemäß kann das visuelle Spektrum in Bereiche eingeteilt werden, die die Information aus diesem Bereich an das Zentralnervensystem weiterleiten. Die Unterscheidung der Wellenlängen in dem theoretischen Modell erreicht man durch ein Teilmodell der Retina, das differentiell beeinflußt wird. Ein Analogrechner wurde bei dieser Voruntersuchung verwandt. Es wurde besonders darauf geachtet, daß das Modell mit dem heutigen Stand des Wissens der Anatomie und Physiologie übereinstimmt. Die Ergebnisse ähneln den Verläufen von Granits Spektralempfindlichkeit und Kellys Amplitudenempfindlichkeit. Das Modell, das „Subjektive Farben-Erscheinungen” bei passenden Frequenzen voraussagt, wirft Fragen auf, die psychophysiologischen Methoden zugänglich sind.
Summary
This paper reports results of an investigation of the problem of vertebrate color vision by means of a theoretical model, which, although it uses one kind of receptor, can be adapted to a multireceptor concept. It is assumed (1) that the time constant of the change of the receptor potential conveys the color information of the stimulus, whereas the magnitude of the potential is correlated with stimulus intensity and (2) that a group of cells, tentatively identified as ganglion cells, are associated with each receptor field. These cells fire only if the time constant falls within a certain range. Thus, the visual spectrum is divided into regions and the information is transmitted to the central nervous system. Wave length discrimination in the theoretical model is accomplished by one kind of retinal neural nets that are biased differentially. An analog computer was used in this initial phase of the investigation. Care has been taken to ensure that the model satisfies current anatomical and physiological knowledge. It has produced results similar to Granit's (1955) spectral sensitivity and Kelly's (1961) amplitude sensitivity curves. The model, which will predict “subjective color phenomena” at appropriate frequencies, has raised questions amenable to psychophysiological techniques.
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Pautler, E.L., Wilson, R.A. Preliminary investigation into a neural net theory of color vision. Kybernetik 1, 236–242 (1963). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00271677
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00271677