Abstract
Behavioral simulation is presented as a means to obtain complex global motion by simulating simple rules of behavior between locally related actors. A test-bed which has been developed to support experimentation with behavioral simulation is described. This test-bed has been used to create a library of physically behaving actors which can realistically reproduce the motion of flexible objects. The application of behavioral simulation to problems of motion specification in animation are described. The extension of this technique to simulate social behaviors is discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agha G (1986) Actors: A model of concurrent computation in distributed systems. The MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, London England
Armstrong WW, Green MW (1985) The dynamics of articulated rigid bodies for purposes of animation. The Visual Computer 1(1):231–240
Badler NI (1979) Digital representations of human movement. ACM Comput Surv 11(1):19–38
Barzel R (1987) Dynamic constraints. MSc Thesis, Department of Computer Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
Barzel R, Barr AH (1987) Modeling with dynamic constraints. Siggraph '87 course notes: Topics in Physically-Based Modeling, SIGGRAPH-ACM
Braitenberg V (1984) Vehicles: Experiments in synthetic psychology, The MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts
Crutchfield J, Farmer J, Packard N, Shaw R (1986) Chaos. Scientific American 255(6):46–57
Fournier A and Reeves W (1986) A simple model of ocean waves. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '86 Proc) 20(4):75–84
Girard M, Maciejewski AA (1985) Computational modeling for the computer animation of legged figures. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '85 Proc) 19(3):263–270
Girard M, Karl G, Haumann D, Caldwell C (1986) “Motion studies”. A film first shown at the SIGGRAPH '86 Film and Video Show, Dallas, Texas
Gleick J (1987) Chaos: Making a new science. Viking, New York
Goldberg A, Robson D (1983) Smalltalk-80: The language and its implementation. Addison-Wesley, Reading Massachusetrs
Hahn J (1988) Realistic animation of rigid bodies. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '88 Proc) 22(4):299–308
Haumann D, Caldwell C, Foss G (1987) “Dynamic simulations of flexible objects”. A film first shown at the SIGGRAPH '87 Film and Video Show, Anaheim, California
Hewitt C (1977) Viewing control structures as patterns of passing messages. Artificial Intelligence, 8(3):323–364
Hillis W (1987) The connection machine. Scientific American 256(6):108–115
Issacs PM, Cohen MF (1987) Controlling dynamic simulation with kinematic constraints, behavior functions and inverse dynamics. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings) 21(4):215–224
Kreider JF (1985) Principles of fluid mechanics. Allyn and Bacon, Boston, Massachusetts
Langton C (1988) Proceedings of the artificial life workshop, Los Alamos National Laboratory, September 21–25, 1987. In: Santa Fe Institute Studies in the Sciences of Complexity. Addison-Wesley
Langton C, Kelly K (1988) Toward artificial life. Whole earth review (58): 74–79
Lasseter J (1986) “Luxo Jr.” A film first shown at the SIGGRAPH '86 Film and Video Show, Anaheim, California
Lasseter J (1987) Principles of traditional animation applied to 3D computer animation. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings) 21(4):35–44
Lundin RV (1984) Motion simulation seminar A-1 notes: In pursuit of realism in computer graphics NICOGRAPH '84
Mandelbrot B (1983) The fractal geometry of nature. W.H. Freeman, New York
Reeves WT (1983) Particle systems — A technique for modeling a class of fuzzy objects. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '83 Proc) 17(3):359–376
Reeves WT, Blau R (1985) Approximate and probabilistic algorithms for shading and rendering structured particle systems. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '85 Proc) 19(3):313–322
Reynolds C (1982) Computer animation with scripts and actors. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '82 Proc) 16(3):289–296
Reynolds C (1987) Flocks, herds, and schools: A distributed behavioral model. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '87 Proc) 21(4):25–34
Seitz C (1985) The cosmic cube. Commun ACM 28(1):22–33
Simon H (1969) The sciences of the artificial. The MIT Press, Cambridge. Massachusetts, London England
Staveley J (1988) “Broken Heart”. A film first shown at the SIGGRAPH '88 Film and Video Show, Atlanta, Georgia
Symon KR (1971) Mechanics. Addison-Wesley, Reading Massachusetts
Terzopoulos D, Platt J, Barr A, Fleischer K (1987) Elastically deformable models. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '87 Proc) 21 (4):205–214
Thomas F, Johnston O (1981) Disney animation: The illusion of life. Abbeville Press, New York
Toffoli T, Margolus N (1987) Cellular Automata Machines: a new environment for modeling. MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, London England
Wedge C, Haumann D, Donkin J (1987) “Balloon guy”. A film first shown at the SIGGRAPH '87 Film and Video Show, Anaheim, California
Weil J (1986) The synthesis of cloth objects. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '86 Proc) 20(4):49–54
Wilhelms JP (1985) Graphical simulation of the motion of articulated bodies such as humans and robots, with particular emphasis on the use of dynamic analysis. Ph.D. Dissertation, Dept Comput Sci, Univ California, Berkeley, California
Zeltzer D (1984) Representation and control of three dimensional computer animated figures. Ph.D. Dissertation., Dept Comput Inf Science, The Ohio State Univ, Columbus OH
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Haumann, D.R., Parent, R.E. The behavioral test-bed: Obtaining complex behavior from simple rules. The Visual Computer 4, 332–347 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01908878
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01908878