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Structural analysis using the input-output model: With special reference to networks of science

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Abstract

Social science network analysis originated in the small group sociometric tradition, thus many of the common assumptions of network models are inappropriate theoretically and formally for the analysis of open systems of social relationships. Five common assumptions of network analysis are identified, discussed and criticized: (a) generators are homogeneous, (b) relationships are dichotomous, (c) groups have fixed boundaries, (d) relationships are symmetric, and (e) networks are static. It is suggested that an open input-output model overcomes many of the difficulties inherent in the more common network analytical techniques. After a formal treatment of input-output analysis, and its relationship to network analysis, some interpretations from exchange theory are suggested. This model helps the analyst overcome many of the theoretical difficulties encountered in other models and allows the researcher to specify how subsets of individuals are “embedded” within larger social contexts. Specifically, because society is comprised of numerous interacting subsystems, this model is particularly beneficial in describing how groups of scientists interface with each other and with the larger social domains.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sociology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 910 West Franklin Street, 23284, Richmont, Virginia, USA

    K. E. Studer

  2. Grinnel College, Richmont, Virginia, USA

    E. J. Barboni

  3. Virginia Commonwealth University, USA

    K. B. Numan

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  1. K. E. Studer
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  2. E. J. Barboni
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  3. K. B. Numan
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Studer, K.E., Barboni, E.J. & Numan, K.B. Structural analysis using the input-output model: With special reference to networks of science. Scientometrics 6, 401–423 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02025828

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02025828

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