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Maximuma posteriori fast fading channel estimation for alamouti’s space-time transmit diversity

Estimation au maximuma posteriori d’un canal avec évanouissements rapides pour l’émission en diversité spatio-temporelle d’alamouti

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Abstract

This paper considers the Alamouti’s two-branch transmit diversity scheme. This scheme supports a maximum likelihood detection based on linear processing at the receiver. When no knowledge of the channel is available — at the transmitter and the receiver- the above scheme requires in general the estimation of the two discrete propagation channels seen from the two transmit antennas. Our objective is to evaluate the Alamouti’s technique of diversity with a realistic estimation algorithm considering a very fast time-varying channel. For a robust channel estimation, we propose an EM-based maximuma posteriori semi-blind algorithm. This algorithm requires a convenient representation of the time-varying fading channel using a discrete version of the Karhunen-Loève expansion theorem. The iterative receiver optimally uses pilot as well as unknown data symbols for improving channel estimation quality. The validity of the proposed algorithm is highlighted by simulation results. Moreover, a complexity evaluation of this algorithm and a comparison is provided for different scenarii.

Résumé

Cet article considère le schéma de diversité spatio-temporelle à deux antennes à l’émission proposé par Alamouti. Ce schéma effectue une détection au maximum de vraisemblance basée sur un traitement linéaire au niveau du récepteur. Quand le canal n’est pas connu — à l’émetteur et au récepteur — ce schéma suppose une estimation des deux canaux de propagation vus par les deux antennes d’émission. Notre objectif est d’évaluer cette technique de diversité avec une estimation réaliste considérant un canal variant très rapidement dans le temps. Pour une estimation robuste du canal, nous proposons un algorithme, bloc par bloc, d’estimation au maximuma posteriori. Ce dernier effectue une estimation itérative semi-aveugle du canal basée sur l’algorithme EM de maximisation d’espérance. Il nécessite une représentation convenable du canal variable dans le temps en se servant du théorème de développement orthogonal de Karhunen-Loeve. Le récepteur itératif, utilise de manière optimale les symboles pilotes et les symboles inconnus de données pour améliorer la qualité de l’estimation du canal. L’intérêt de l’algorithme utilisé est illustré par des résultats de simulations. De plus, une évaluation de la complexité de cet algorithme avec comparaison est fournie pour différents scénarios.

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Correspondence to Inès Kammoun.

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Kammoun, I., Siala, M. Maximuma posteriori fast fading channel estimation for alamouti’s space-time transmit diversity. Ann. Télécommun. 58, 938–963 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03001867

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