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Parsing mit inkonsistenten Grammatiken

Parsing with inconsistent grammar models

  • Published:
Kognitionswissenschaft

Abstract

A novel approach to the parsing of natural language based on weighted constraints is presented. Wellformedness conditions are exclusively expressed by means of constraints and no generative rule component is available. In general, constraints can be violated and contradictory requirements of a grammar are tolerated. Additional representational levels allow the integration of different linguistic perspectives into a coherent model, thus contributing jointly to the computation of the most plausible structural interpretation. A number of solution procedures is available for such a parsing problem. Their properties are discussed with respect to possible analogies to human language processing, focussing on robustness against deviating utterances and external temporal pressure.

Zusammenfassung

Der Beitrag beschreibt einen neuartigen Ansatz zur Strukturanalyse natürlicher Sprache auf der Basis gewichteter Constraints. Unter völligem Verzicht auf eine generative Regelkomponente werden jegliche Bedingungen an die Wohlgeformtheit einer sprachlichen Struktur mit Hilfe von Constraints ausgedrückt. Constraints sind grundsätzlich verletzbar und daher auch in der Lage, widersprüchliche Forderungen der Grammatik zu tolerieren. Über zusätzliche Repräsentationsebenen können sehr unterschiedliche linguistische Phänomenbereiche in die Modellierung einbezogen werden und so ihren spezifischen Beitrag zur Ermittlung der plausibelsten Interpretation einer Äußerung leisten. Für ein derartig definiertes Parsingproblem existieren verschiedene Lösungsverfahren, deren Eigenschaften insbesondere im Hinblick auf mögliche Parallelen zur menschlichen Sprachverarbeitung diskutiert werden. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Robustheit gegen abweichende Äußerungen, sowie gegen zeitlichen Verarbeitungsdruck.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fachbereich Informatik, Universität Hamburg, Vogt-Kölln-Straße 30, D-22527, Hamburg, Deutschland

    Wolfgang Menzel

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  1. Wolfgang Menzel
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Correspondence to Wolfgang Menzel.

Additional information

Die hier vorgestellten Forschungen wurden von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft unter den Aktenzeichen Me 1472/1-1, Ku 811/3-1 und Me 1472/1-2 gefördert

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Menzel, W. Parsing mit inkonsistenten Grammatiken. Kognit. Wiss. 9, 175–184 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03354951

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03354951

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