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Post-quantum security design for hierarchical healthcare systems based on lattices

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Abstract

The need for high-quality healthcare services increases to more incredible speeds. Smart healthcare offers an ecosystem of IoT wireless networks, computers and software applications to enable medical tracking, mobility and emergency services through smart wearables. In this ecosystem, security attacks are continuously arisen and sensitive medical data are threatened. Strong cryptographic mechanisms are then crucial for securely processing smart healthcare data. Previously, traditional public key cryptosystems are utilized to address security concerns pertaining to healthcare sector. These cryptosystems provide security under hard problems like discrete logarithmic problem and bilinear pairing which are vulnerable to quantum attacks. In recent years, lattice-based cryptography (LBC) has emerged as a quantum-safe substitute to traditional public-key cryptosystems. In this context, we present a hierarchical healthcare structure where intra-cluster and inter-cluster communication patterns are defined. Then, we propose a security design based on LBC. For intra-cluster communications, a certificateless identity-based Diffie–Hellman key exchange protocol secure under learning with errors hard problem over lattices is designed. It is composed of a registration phase, login phase and a key agreement scheme. To ensure trust, security and interoperability between different healthcare stakeholders defining the inter-cluster communication pattern, post-quantum Blockchain technology is used. Dilithium lattice-based signature scheme is proposed to replace the current ECDSA blockchain signature scheme. The communication and computation costs of the proposed key agreement protocol has been evaluated in comparison with the traditional ECDH-ECDSA key exchange scheme and to an authenticated version of a post-quantum key agreement scheme named SIKE-Dilithium. The obtained results prove the efficacy of our proposal. Moreover, through security analysis, we have demonstrated that the proposed security design ensures security requirements of healthcare application and can effectively resist quantum and classical attacks.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CES-Lab, National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Manel Boujelben & Mohamed Abid

  2. National School of Electronics and Telecommunications of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Manel Boujelben

  3. Lab-STICC, ENSIBS/UBS, Lorient, France

    Mohamed Abid

Authors
  1. Manel Boujelben
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  2. Mohamed Abid
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Each author has participated in conducting experiments, wrote the main manuscript, editing and approving the final submitted version.

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Correspondence to Manel Boujelben.

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Boujelben, M., Abid, M. Post-quantum security design for hierarchical healthcare systems based on lattices. J Supercomput 80, 17292–17313 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-024-06143-4

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