Skip to main content
Log in

Recovery of Bandlimited Signals in Linear Canonical Transform Domain from Noisy Samples

  • Short Paper
  • Published:
Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The linear canonical transform (LCT) has been shown to be a useful and powerful tool for signal processing and optics. Many reconstruction strategies for bandlimited signals in LCT domain have been proposed. However, these reconstruction strategies can work well only if there are no errors associated with the numerical implementation of samples. Unfortunately, this requirement is almost never satisfied in the real world. To the best of the author’s knowledge, the statistical problem of LCTed bandlimited signal recovery in the presence of random noise still remains unresolved. In this paper, the problem of recovery of bandlimited signals in LCT domain from discrete and noisy samples is studied. First, it is shown that the generalized Shannon-type reconstruction scheme for bandlimited signals in LCT domain cannot be directly applied in the presence of noise since it leads to an infinite mean integrated square error. Then an orthogonal and complete set for the class of bandlimited signals in LCT domain is proposed; and further, an oversampled version of the generalized Shannon-type sampling theorem is derived. Based on the oversampling theorem and without adding too much complexity, a reconstruction algorithm for bandlimited signals in LCT domain from discrete and noisy observations is set up. Moreover, the convergence of the proposed reconstruction scheme is also proved. Finally, numerical results and potential applications of the proposed reconstruction algorithm are given.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. Abe, J.T. Sheridan, Optical operations on wavefunctions as the Abelian subgroups of the special affine Fourier transformation. Opt. Lett. 19, 1801–1803 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. M.B. Barshan, H.M. Ozaktas, Optimal filtering with linear canonical transformation. Opt. Commun. 135, 32–36 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. L.M. Bernardo, ABCD matrix formalism of fractional Fourier optics. Opt. Eng. 35, 732–740 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. T. Erseghe, N. Laurenti, V. Cellini, A multicarrier architecture based upon the affine Fourier transform. IEEE Trans. Commun. 53, 853–862 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. R.W. Gerchberg, Super resolution through error energy reduction. Opt. Acta 21, 709–720 (1974)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. G.H. Hardy, Notes on special systems of orthogonal functions (iv): the orthogonal functions of Whittakers cardinal series. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 37, 331–348 (1941)

    Google Scholar 

  7. J.J. Healy, J.T. Sheridan, Sampling and discretization of the linear canonical transform. Signal Process. 89, 641–648 (2009)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. A.K. Jain, S. Ranganath, Extrapolation algorithm for discrete signals with application in spectral estimation. IEEE Trans. ASSP 29, 830–845 (1981)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. D.F.V. James, G.S. Agarwal, The generalized Fresnel transform and its applications to optics. Opt. Commun. 126, 207–212 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. B.Z. Li, R. Tao, Y. Wang, New sampling formulae related to linear canonical transform. Signal Process. 87, 983–990 (2007)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. B.Z. Li, T.Z. Xu, Spectral analysis of sampled signals in the linear canonicaltransform domain. Math. Probl. Eng. 2012, 1–19 (2012)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. C.P. Li, B.Z. Li, T.Z. Xu, Approximating bandlimited signals associated with the LCT domain from nonuniform samples at unknown locations. Signal Process. 92, 1658–1664 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. M. Moshinsky, C. Quesne, Linear canonical transformations and their unitary representations. J. Math. Phys. 12, 1772–1780 (1971)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. H.M. Ozaktas, Z. Zalevsky, M.A. Kutay, The Fractional Fourier Transform with Applications in Optics and Signal Processing (Wiley, New York, 2001)

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. Papoulis, A new algorithm in spectral analysis and band-limited extrapolation. IEEE Trans. CAS 22, 735–742 (1975)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. S.C. Pei, J.J. Ding, Relations between fractional operations and time–frequency distributions, and their applications. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 49, 1638–1655 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. M.S. Sabri, W. Steenaart, An approach to band-limited signal extrapolation: the extrapolation matrix. IEEE Trans. CAS 25, 74–78 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. K.K. Sharma, Approximate signal reconstruction using nonuniform samples in fractional Fourier and linear canonical transform domains. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 57, 4573–4578 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. K.K. Sharma, Vector sampling expansions and linear canonical transform. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 18, 583–586 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. K.K. Sharma, S.D. Joshi, Extrapolation of signals using the method of alternating projections in fractional Fourier domains. Proc. SIVIP 2, 177–182 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. J. Shi, X. Liu, X. Sha, N. Zhang, Sampling and reconstruction of signals in function spaces associated with linear canonical transform. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 60, 6041–6047 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. J. Shi, X. Liu, N. Zhang, Generalized convolution and product theorems associated whit linear canonical transform. Signal Image Video Process. (2012). doi:10.1007/s11760-012-0348-7

    Google Scholar 

  23. J. Shi, X. Liu, N. Zhang, On uncertainty principles of linear canonical transformfor complex signals via operator methods. Signal Image Video Process. (2013). doi:10.1007/s11760-013-0466-x

    Google Scholar 

  24. J. Shi, X.J. Sha, Q.Y. Zhang, N.T. Zhang, Extrapolation of bandlimited signals in linear canonical transform domain. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 60, 1502–1508 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. S. Shinde, Two channel paraunitary filter banks based on linear canonical transform. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 59, 832–836 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. D. Slepian, H.O. Pollak, Prolate spheroidal wave functions, Fourier analysis and uncertainty-I. Bell Syst. Tech. J. 40, 43–63 (1961)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. F. Stenger, Approximation via Whittakers cardinal function. J. Approx. Theory 17, 222–240 (1976)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. A. Stern, Sampling of linear canonical transformed signals. Signal Process. 86, 1421–1425 (2006)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. D. Stojanovic, I. Djurovic, B.R. Vojcic, Interference analysis of multicarrier systems based on affine Fourier transform. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 8, 2877–2880 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. R. Tao, B.Z. Li, Y. Wang, G.K. Aggrey, On Sampling of band-limited signals associated with the linear canonical transform. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 56, 5454–5464 (2008)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  31. D.Y. Wei, Y.M. Li, Sampling reconstruction of N-dimensional bandlimited images after multilinear filtering in fractional Fourier domain. Opt. Commun. 295, 26–35 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. D.Y. Wei, Q.W. Ran, Y.M. Li, Multichannel sampling expansion in the linear canonical transform domain and its application to superresolution. Opt. Commun. 284, 5424–5429 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. D.Y. Wei, Q.W. Ran, Y.M. Li, Reconstruction of band-limited signals from multichannel and periodic nonuniform samples in the linear canonical transform domain. Opt. Commun. 284, 4307–4315 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. D.V. Widder, Advanved Calculus, 2nd edn. (Dover, New York, 1989)

    Google Scholar 

  35. K.B. Wolf, Integral Transforms in Science and Engineering (Plenum, New York, 1979)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. X.G. Xia, M.Z. Nashed, A method with error estimates for band-limited signal extrapolation from inaccurate data. Inverse Problems 13, 1641–1661 (1997)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  37. L. Xiao, W.C. Sun, Sampling theorems for signals periodic in the linear canonical transform domain. Opt. Commun. 290, 14–18 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. A.I. Zayed, Advances in Shannons Sampling Theory (CRC, Boca Raton, 1993)

    Google Scholar 

  39. H. Zhao, Q.W. Ran, J. Ma, L.Y. Tan, Generalized prolate spheroidal wave functions associated with linear canonical transform. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 58, 3032–3041 (2010)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  40. H. Zhao, Q.W. Ran, J. Ma, L.Y. Tan, On bandlimited signals associated with linear canonical transform. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 16, 343–345 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. H. Zhao, Q.W. Ran, L.Y. Tan, J. Ma, Reconstruction of bandlimited signals in linear canonical transform domain from finite nonuniformly spaced samples. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 16, 1047–1050 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. H. Zhao, R.Y. Wang, D.P. Song, D.P. Wu, An extrapolation algorithm for \((a, b, c, d)\)-bandlimited signals. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 18, 745–748 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 61102151, 51105392, and 61271261), the Natural Science Foundation Project of Chong Qing (Grants cstc2012jjA40048, cstc2011jjA70006, and cstc2011BA2041), the Natural Science Foundation of CQUPT (Grant A2012-83), and by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grants CDJZR 10110002 and CDJRC10110005).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hui Zhao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zhao, H., Wang, R. & Song, D. Recovery of Bandlimited Signals in Linear Canonical Transform Domain from Noisy Samples. Circuits Syst Signal Process 33, 1997–2008 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-013-9723-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-013-9723-z

Keywords

Navigation