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2-D Deconvolved Conventional Beamforming for a Planar Array

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Abstract

In order to generate volumetric underwater acoustic images, planar arrays are often used to collect the signals coming from a 3-D scene in underwater environment. These acquired signals are commonly processed using the 2-D conventional beamforming method. The 2-D conventional beamforming is robust and the most commonly used method. However, the 2-D conventional beamforming suffers from fat beams and high-level sidelobes. High-resolution beamforming, based on the inverse of the signal covariance matrix, such as minimum-variance distortionless response, produces narrow beamwidth and low sidelobe levels but is sensitive to signal mismatch and requires many snapshots of data. In order to overcome the above-mentioned limitations, this paper applies a 2-D deconvolution algorithm to the 2-D conventional beamforming result of planar array in order to improve the beamwidth and suppress the high-level sidelobes. The 2-D deconvolved beam power produces narrow beams, and low sidelobe levels without compromising the robustness of 2-D conventional beamforming. The 2-D deconvolution algorithm provides higher output signal-to-noise ratio than the 2-D conventional beamforming for isotropic noise. The vector extrapolation method is improved to make it applicable on two-dimensional data. The detailed implementations of the original 2-D deconvolved beamforming and the efficient 2-D deconvolved beamforming are presented. Simulations and experiments are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed method.

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Due to the data reproducing these findings also forms part of an ongoing study, so supporting data is not available.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41976176, U1709203,52001097), the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC1402303, 2018YFF01013401), and the Financial Assistance from Postdoctoral Scientific Research Developmental Fund of Heilongjiang (LBH-Q18042).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China

    Tian Zhou, Jie Huang, Weidong Du, Jiajun Shen & Weijia Yuan

  2. Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin, 150001, China

    Tian Zhou, Jie Huang, Weidong Du, Jiajun Shen & Weijia Yuan

  3. College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China

    Tian Zhou, Jie Huang, Weidong Du, Jiajun Shen & Weijia Yuan

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  1. Tian Zhou
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  2. Jie Huang
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  3. Weidong Du
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  4. Jiajun Shen
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Correspondence to Weidong Du.

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Zhou, T., Huang, J., Du, W. et al. 2-D Deconvolved Conventional Beamforming for a Planar Array. Circuits Syst Signal Process 40, 5572–5593 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-021-01733-6

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