Abstract
Classifying tropical wood species poses a considerable economic challenge and failure to classify the wood species accurately can have significant effects on timber industries. The problem of wood recognition is compounded with the nonlinearities of the features among the similar wood species. Besides that, large wood databases presented a problem of large processing time especially for online wood recognition system. In view of these problems, we propose the use of fuzzy logic-based pre-classifier as a means of treating uncertainty to improve the classification accuracy of tropical wood recognition system. The pre-classifier serve as a clustering mechanism for the large database simplifying the classification process making it more efficient. The use of the fuzzy logic-based pre-classifier has managed to increase the accuracy of the wood recognition system by 4 % and reduce the processing time for training and testing by more than 75 % and 26 % respectively.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Menon, P.K.B., Sulaiman, A., Choon, L.S.: Structure and identification of Malayn woods. Malayan Forest Research Records. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (1993)
Piuri, V., Scotti, F.: Design of an automatic wood types classification system by using fluorescence spectra. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 40(3), 358–366 (2010)
Khalid, M., Lew, Y.L., Yusof, R., Nadaraj, M.: Design of an intelligent wood species recognition system. Int. J. Simul. Syst. Sci. Technol. 9(3), 9–19 (2008)
Khairuddin, U., Yusof, R., Khalid, M., Cordova, F.: Optimized feature selection for improved tropical wood species recognition system. ICIC Express Lett. Part B Appl. Int. J. Res. Surv. 2(2), 441–446 (2011)
Martins, J., Oliveira, L.S., Nisgoski, S., Sabourin, R.: A database for automatic classification of forest species. Mach. Vis. Appl. Online First\(^{TM}\) (2012)
Lin, L., Luo, P., Chen, X., Zeng, K.: Representing and recognizing objects with massive local image patches. Pattern Recognit. 45(1), 231–240 (2012)
Lin, L., Wu, T., Porway, J., Xu, Z.: A stochastic graph grammar for compositional object representation and recognition. Pattern Recognit. 42(7), 1297–1307 (2009)
Zadeh, L.A.: Fuzzy sets. Inf. Control. 8, 338–353 (1965)
Ishibuchi, H., Nakashima, T.: Performance evaluation of fuzzy classifier systems for multi-dimensional pattern classification problems. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B 29(5), 601–618 (1999)
Schaefer, G., Zavisek, M., Nakashima, T.: Thermography based breast cancer analysis using statistical features and fuzzy classification. Pattern Recognit. 42(6), 1133–1137 (2009)
Zhenjiang, M., Gandelin, M.H., Baozong, Y.: An OOPR-based rose variety recognition system. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 19, 79–101 (2006)
Bombardier, V., Schmitt, E.: Fuzzy rule classifier: capability for generalization in wood color recognition. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 23, 978–988 (2010)
Beritelli, F., Casale, S., Ruggeri, G.: New results in fuzzy pattern classification of background noise. Proc. Int. Conf. Signal Process. 3, 1483–1486 (2000)
Su, T.-L., Chang, L.-S., Kung, F.-C.: Intelligent computerized fabric texture recognition system by using Grey-based neural fuzzy clustering. In: International Conference on Wavelet Analysis and Pattern Recognition, 2009. ICWAPR (2009)
Laboid, S., Boucherit, M.S., Guerra, T.M.: Adaptive fuzzy control of a class of MIMO nonlinear systems. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 151, 59–77 (2005)
Sun, Y.L., Er, M.J.: Hybrid fuzzy control of robotics systems. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 12(6), 755–765 (2004)
Beka Be Nguema, M., Kolski, C., Malvache, N., Waroux, D.: Design of a human-error-tolerant interface using fuzzy logic. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 13, 279–292 (2000)
Tuceryan, M., Jain, A.K.: Texture analysis. In: The Handbook of Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision (2nd edn.), pp. 207–248. World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore (1998)
Qin, X., Yang, Y.H.: Similarity measure and learning with gray level aura matrices (GLAM) for texture image retrieval. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 326–333 (2004)
Qin, X., Yang, Y.H.: Aura 3D textures. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 13(2), 379–389 (2007)
Wang, J.P., Jheng, Y.C., Huang, G.M., Chien, J.H.: Artificial neural network approach to authentication of coins by vision-based minimization. Mach. Vis. Appl. 22, 87–98 (2011)
Huang, C.L., Huang, W.Y.: Sign language recognition using model-based tracking and a 3D Hopfield neural network. Mach. Vis. Appl. 10, 292–307 (1998)
Aitkenhead, M.J., McDonald, A.J.S.: A neural network face recognition system. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 16, 167–176 (2003)
Foo, S.Y., Stuart, G., Harvey, B., Meyer-Baese, A.: Neural network based EKG pattern recognition. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 15, 253–260 (2002)
Zhang, G.P.: Neural networks for classification: a survey. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C 30(4), 451–462 (2000)
Castellani, M., Rowlands, H.: Evolutionary artificial neural network design and training for wood veneer classification. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 22, 732–741 (2009)
Jordan, R., Feeney, F., Nesbit, N., Evertsen, J.A.: Classification of wood species by neural network analysis of ultrasonic signals. Ultrasonics 36, 219–222 (1998)
Lepisto, L., Kunttu, I., Visa, A.: Rock image classification based on \(k\)-nearest neighbor voting. IEE Proc. Vis. Image Signal Process. 153(4), 475–482 (2006)
Amornraksa, T., Tachaphetpiboon, S.: Fingerprint recognition using DCT features. Electron. Lett. 42(9), 522–523 (2006)
Golipour, L., O’Shaughnessy, D.: Context-independent phoneme recognition using a \(k\)-nearest neighbor classification approach. In: IEEE International Conference On Acoustics, Speech And, Signal Processing, pp. 1341–1344. (2009)
Ng, H., Tong, H.L., Tan, W.H., Yap, T.V., Abdullah, J.: Gait classification with different covariate factors. In: International Conference on Computer Applications and Industrial Electronics, pp. 463–467 (2010)
Jian, H., Zhongdi, C., Qiuhong, Z.: Research and implement of Chinese text classifier based on Naïve Bayes method. In: Sixth International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge and Grids, pp. 426–428. (1010)
Daschiel, H., Datcu, M.: Information mining in remote sensing image archives: system evaluation. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 43(1), 188–199 (2005)
Buch, N., Orwell, J., Velastin, S.A.: Detection and classification of vehicles for urban traffic scenes. In: IET International Conference on Visual Information Engineering, pp. 182–187 (2008)
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Malaysian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) for funding this research through Technofund research grant (TF0106C213). The authors also would like to thank Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM) for providing us with the wood samples.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yusof, R., Khalid, M. & Mohd Khairuddin, A.S. Fuzzy logic-based pre-classifier for tropical wood species recognition system. Machine Vision and Applications 24, 1589–1604 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-013-0526-9
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-013-0526-9