Zusammenfassung
Die Wirtschaftlichkeit von Tests wird von Projektverantwortlichen häufig infrage gestellt. Zu Recht, denn bisher fehlen messbare Argumente, warum und wie viel getestet werden sollte. Value-Driven Software-Engineering ist ein Ansatz von Barry Boehm, der die Entwicklung von Software an ihrem ökonomischen Wert ausrichtet. In diesem Beitrag weiten wir diesen Ansatz auf das Gebiet des Softwaretestens aus und stellen erprobte Metriken für Kosten und Nutzen von Tests vor, sodass deren Return on Investment (ROI) berechnet werden kann. Damit werden Testverantwortliche in die Lage versetzt, die hohen Kosten des Testens zu rechtfertigen.
References
Basili V, Briand L, Melo W (1996) How Reuse influences productivity of object-oriented systems. Commun ACM 39(10):104
Baumgartner M (2005) Bericht zum Testprojekt – Portal für den Freistaat Sachsen. ANECON Internal Report, Wien
Berg KP (2008) Testen von Web-Services im SOA Umfeld – Theorie und Praxis. OBJEKTspektrum 5:32
Biffl S et al (2006) Value-based Software Engineering. Springer, Berlin, pp 21
Blom S, Gruhn V, Koehler A, Schaefer C (2008) Methoden und Grundlagen der wertebasierten Softwareentwicklung. OBJEKTspektrum 1:12
Boeckle G, Clements P, McGregor J, Muthig D (2004) Calculating ROI for software product lines. IEEE Software 3:23
Boehm B (1975) The high costs of software. In: Horowitz E (Hrsg) Practical Strategies for Developing Large Software Systems. Addison-Wesley, Reading MA, p 3
Boehm B (1981) Software Engineering Economics. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, p 597
Boehm B (1983) The Economics of Software Maintenance. In: Proceedings of 1st ICSM Conference, IEEE Computer Society Press, Monterey, p 9
Boehm B, Huang L (2003) Value-based software engineering. IEEE Computer 3:33
Boehm B, Turner R (2005) Management challenges to implementing agile processes. IEEE Software 5:30
Boehm B et al (2000) Software Cost Estimation with COCOMO-II. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Boehm B, Huang L, Apurva J, Madachy R (2004) The ROI of software dependability – the IDAVE model. IEEE Software 3:54
Britcher R (1998) Software reliabilty – numbers aren’t the whole story. IEEE Computer 10:128
Broessler P, Sneed H (2003) Critical Success Factors in Software Maintenance. In: Proceedings of ICSM 2003, IEEE Computer Society Press, Amsterdam, p 190
Brown D, Maghsoodloo S, Deason W (1989) A cost model for determining the optimal number of software test cases. Transact Softw Eng 15(2):218
Cole J, Gorham T, McDonald M (1997) Reinventing the testing process. Am Program 10(8):3
Dyer M (1992) The Cleanroom Approach to Quality Software Development. Wiley, New York, p 15
Endres A (2003) Softwarequalität aus Nutzersicht und ihre wirtschaftliche Bewertung. Informatik-Spektrum 18(1):20
Endres A, Rombach H-D (2004) Handbook on Software Engineering. Springer, Berlin, p 131
Erdogmus H, Favaro J, Strigel W (2004) Return on Investment. IEEE Software 3:18
Everett GD (2008) The value of software testing to business. Test Exp 2:6
Fagan M (1976) Design and code inspections to reduce errors in program development. IBM Syst J 15(3):182
Fagan M (1986) Advances in software inspections. IEEE Transact Softw Eng 12(7):744
Fetzer J (1988) Program verification – the very Idea. Commun ACM 31(9):1048
Gaffney J (1984) Estimating the number of faults in code. IEEE Transact Softw Eng 19(4):454
Gilb T, Graham D (1996) Software Inspections. Addison-Wesley, Reading
Graham D (2002) Requirements and testing – seven missing link myths. IEEE Softw 5:15
Harrison M, Walton G (2002) Identifying high maintenance legacy software. J Softw Maint Evol 14(6):429
Hasitschka M, Teichmann MT, Sneed H (2009) Software quality management. OBJEKTspektrum 1:74
Hillson D, Simon P (2007) Practical Project Risk Management – the Atom Methodology. Management Concepts Inc, New York
IEEE Standard 1044-1995 (1995) IEEE Guide to Classification for Software Anomalies. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, New York, NY
Jones TC (1991) Applied Software Measurements. Mcgraw-Hill, New York, p 43
Jörgensen M, Sjöberg D (2002) Impact of experience on maintenance skills. J Softw Maint 14(2):123–146
Jungmayr S (2004) Improving Testability of object-oriented Systems. Dissertation, Berlin, p 123
Jungmayr S (2009) Anforderungen an eine testbare Softwarearchitektur. Präsentation im Rahmen der Software Quality Days 2009, Wien, 20.–22. Januar 2009
Kajko-Mattsson M, Forsannander S, Andersson G (2000) Software problem reporting and resolution process at ABB. J Softw Maint 12(5):255–286
Kajko-Mattsson M (2003) Elicitating and Rating Problems within Support. In: Proceedings of ICSM-2003, IEEE Computer Society Press, Amsterdam, p 199
Kajko-Mattsson M (2006) Evaluation of CM3: Front-End Problem Management within Industry. In: Proceedings of CSMR-2006, IEEE Computer Society Press, Bari, March 2006, p 367
Karner G (1993) Metrics for Objectory. Diplomarbeit, Nr. LiTH-IDA-Ex-9344:21, Universität Linköping, Schweden
Kan SH (1995) Metrics and Models in Software Quality Engineering. Addison-Wesley, Reading MA, p 178
Koster P, Peterson T (1994) Fault estimation and removal from the Space Shuttle software. Am Program 7(4):13
Laemmel A (1980) A statistical theory of computer program testing. Polytechnic Institute of NY, Report SRS 119/POLYEE 80-004
Laird L, Brennan C (2006) Software Measurement and Estimation – a Practical Approach. Wiley, New York, p 133
Lientz B, Swanson EB (1980) Software Maintenance Management. Addison-Wesley, Reading, p 105
Lipow M (1982) Number of faults per line of code. IEEE Transact Softw Eng 8(4):503
Little T (2004) Value creation and capture – a model of the software development process. IEEE Softw 3:48
McMenamin S, Palmer J (1984) Essential Systems Analysis. Yourdon Press, New York, p 7
Mookerjee R (2005) Maintaining enterprise software applications. Commun ACM 48(11):75
National Institute of Standards and Technology (2002) The economic impacts of inadequate infrastructure for software testing. Planning report 02-3, Triangle Park, NC
Nguyen HQ, Johnson B, Hackett M (2002) Testing Applications on the Web. Wiley, Indianapolis, p 22
Ostrand T, Weyuker E (2005) Predicting the location and number of faults in large software systems. IEEE Transact Softw Eng 31(4):340
Redaktion (2004) Bei Softwarequalität haperts – Meta Group Bericht über mangelnde Softwarequalität. Computerzeitung 28:4
Redaktion (2008) ALU-II Pannensoftware vor der Ablösung. Comp Wkly 11:8
Remus H (1983) Integrated Software Validation in the View of Inspections & Reviews. In: Proceedings of Symposium on Software Validation, Darmstadt, Germany, North-Holland, Amsterdam, p 57
Sneed HM (1979) Das Software-Testlabor. In: Heilmann H (Hrsg) 8. Jahrbuch der EDV, Forkel, Stuttgart, S 31
Sneed HM (1988) Software Qualitätssicherung. Rudolf Müller, Köln, S 58
Sneed HM (1996) Schätzung der Entwicklungskosten objektorientierter Software. Informatik-Spektrum 19(3):133
Sneed HM (1997) Measuring the Performance of Software Maintenance Departments. In: Proceedings of 1st European Conf. on Software Maintenance and Reengineering (CSMR), IEEE Computer Society Press, Berlin, p 119
Sneed HM (2003) Selective regression testing of large application systems. Softwaretechnik-Trends 23(4)
Sneed HM (2006) Testing an e-Government Website. In: Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Web Site Evolution, IEEE Computer Society Press, Budapest, p 3
Sneed HM (2006) Reengineering for testability. Softwaretechnik-Trends 26(2):8
Sneed HM (2007) Qualitätsnachweis für Web Services. 2. Workshop Bewertungsaspekte serviceorientierter Architekturen, Shaker, Karlsruhe, S 1
Sneed HM, Jungmayr S (2006) Produkt- und Prozessmetriken für den Softwaretest. Informatik-Spektrum 29(1):23
Sneed HM, Winter M (2001) Testen objektorientierter Software. Hanser, München, S 21
Sneed HM, Hasitschka M, Teichmann MT (2004) Software-Produktmanagement. dpunkt, Heidelberg, S 358
Sneed HM, Baumgartner M, Seidl R (2008) Der Systemtest – Requirements-based Testing. Hanser, München, S 16
Solingen R (2004) Measuring the ROI of software process improvement. IEEE Software 3:32
Spillner A (2008) Systematisches Testen von Software. dpunkt, Heidelberg, S 3
Spillner A, Koch T (2003) Basiswissen Softwaretest. dpunkt, Heidelberg, S 146
Vokac M (2004) Defect frequency and design patterns – an empirical study of industrial code. IEEE Transact Softw Eng 30(12):904
Wallmüller E (2004) Risikomanagement für IT- und Softwareprojekte. Hanser, München, S 137
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sneed, H., Jungmayr, S. Mehr Testwirtschaftlichkeit durch Value-Driven-Testing. Informatik Spektrum 34, 192–209 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00287-010-0498-3
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00287-010-0498-3