Skip to main content
Log in

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Texture-guided volumetric deformation and visualization using 3D moving least squares

  • Original Article
  • Published:
The Visual Computer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This article was retracted on 03 July 2014

Abstract

Examining and manipulating the large volumetric data attract great interest for various applications. For such purpose, we first extend the 2D moving least squares (MLS) technique into 3D, and propose a texture-guided deformation technique for creating visualization styles through interactive manipulations of volumetric models using 3D MLS. Our framework includes focus+context (F+C) visualization for simultaneously showing the entire model after magnification, and the cut-away or illustrative visualization for providing a better understanding of anatomical and biological structures. Both visualization styles are widely applied in the graphics areas. We present a mechanism for defining features using high-dimensional texture information, and design an interface for visualizing, selecting and extracting features/objects of interest. Methods of the interactive or automatic generation of 3D control points are proposed for the flexible and plausible deformation. We describe a GPU-based implementation to achieve real-time performance of the deformation techniques and the manipulation operators. Different from physical deformation models, our framework is goal-oriented and user-guided. We demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of our framework using various volumetric datasets.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. General-purpose computation on graphics hardware (GPGPU). http://gpgpu.org/

  2. The homepage of xmdvtool–multivariate data visualization tool. http://www.davis.wpi.edu/~xmdv/

  3. Alexa, M., Cohen-Or, D., Levin, D.: As-rigid-as-possible shape interpolation. In: SIGGRAPH Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 157–164 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bier, E.A., Stone, M.C., Pier, K., Buxton, W., Derose, T.D.: Toolglass and magic lenses: the see-through interface. In: Comput. Graph., pp. 73–80 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bookstein, F.L.: Principal warps: thin-plate splines and the decomposition of deformations. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 11(6), 567–585 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bruckner, S., Grimm, S., Kanitsar, A., Groller, M.E.: Illustrative context-preserving volume rendering. In: EuroVis, pp. 69–76 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bruckner, S., Groller, M.E.: Exploded views for volume data. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 12, 1077–1084 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Brunet, T., Nowak, K., Gleicher, M.: Integrating dynamic deformations into interactive volume visualization. In: Eurographics/IEEE VGTC Workshop on Volume Graphics, pp. 219–226 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Caban, J.J., Rheingans, P.: Texture-based transfer functions for direct volume rendering. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 14(6), 1364–1371 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Chen, M., Correa, C., Islam, S., Jones, M.W., Shen, P.-Y., Silver, D., Walton, S.J., Willis, P.J.: Manipulating, deforming and animating sampled object representations. Comput. Graph. Forum 26(4), 824–852 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Chen, M., Silver, D., Winter, A.S., Singh, V., Cornea, N.: Spatial transfer functions: a unified approach to specifying deformation in volume modeling and animation. In: Eurographics/IEEE TVCG Workshop on Volume Graphics, pp. 35–44 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Cohen, M., Brodlie, K.: Focus and context for volume visualization. In: Theory and Practice of Computer Graphics, pp. 32–39 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Correa, C., Silver, D., Chen, M.: Illustrative deformation for data exploration. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 13, 1320–1327 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Correa, C.D., Silver, D., Chen, M.: Discontinuous displacement mapping for volume graphics. In: Eurographics/IEEE VGTC Workshop on Volume Graphics, pp. 9–16 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Correa, C.D., Silver, D., Chen, M.: Volume deformation via scattered data interpolation. In: Eurographics/IEEE VGTC Workshop on Volume Graphics, pp. 91–98 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Correa, C.D., Silver, D., Chen, M.: Constrained illustrative volume deformation. Comput. Graph. 34(4), 370–377 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Cuno, A., Esperanca, C., Oliveira, A., Cavalcanti, R.: 3D as-rigid-as-possible deformations using MLS. In: Computer Graphics International Conference, pp. 1–8 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Haralick, R., Shanmugam, K., Dinstein, I.: Textural features for image classification. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 3, 610–621 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ikits, M., Hansen, C.: A Focus+Context interface for interactive volume rendering. http://www.cs.utah.edu/~ikits (2004)

  20. Keahey, T.A., Robertson, E.L.: Techniques for non-linear magnification transformations. In: IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, pp. 38–45 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Keahey, T.A., Robertson, E.L.: Nonlinear magnification fields. In: IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, pp. 51–58 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kruger, J., Schneider, J., Westermann, R.: Clearview: an interactive context preserving hotspot visualization technique. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 12, 941–948 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. LaMar, E., Hamann, B., Joy, K.I.: A magnification lens for interactive volume visualization. In: Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications, pp. 223–232 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lamping, J., Rao, R., Pirolli, P.: A Focus+Context technique based on hyperbolic geometry for visualizing large hierarchies. In: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 401–408 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Lancaster, P., Salkauskas, K.: Surfaces generated by moving least squares methods. Math. Comput. 37, 141–158 (1981)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. McGuffin, M.J., Tancau, L., Balakrishnan, R.: Using deformations for browsing volumetric data. In: IEEE Visualization, pp. 401–408 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Schaefer, S., McPhail, T., Warren, J.: Image deformation using moving least squares. ACM Trans. Graph. 25(3), 533–540 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Tory, M., Potts, S., Moller, T.: A parallel coordinates style interface for exploratory volume visualization. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 11, 71–80 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Viola, I., Kanitsar, A., Groller, M.E.: Importance-driven volume rendering. In: IEEE Visualization, pp. 139–145 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Wang, L., Zhao, Y., Mueller, K., Kaufman, A.: The magic volume lens: an interactive Focus+Context technique for volume rendering. In: IEEE Visualization, pp. 367–374 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Wang, Y.-S., Wang, C., Lee, T.-Y., Ma, K.-L.: Feature-preserving volume data reduction and Focus+Context visualization. In: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, pp. 171–181 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Yair, K., Roni, Y.: Space deformation using ray deflectors. In: Rendering Techniques, pp. 21–30 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Zhou, J., Hinz, M., Tonnies, K.D.: International Symposium on focal region-guided feature-based volume rendering. In: 3D Data Processing Visualization and Transmission, pp. 87–90 (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  34. Zhu, Y., Gortler, S.J.: 3D deformation using moving least squares. Technical report, Cambridge, MA (2007)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xin Zhao.

Additional information

The authors of this paper requested on November 7, 2013 that this paper will be retracted from The Visual Computer, following an allegation that the paper has used images from some other articles.

Volume Deformation via Scattered Data Interpolation. Carlos D. Correa, Deborah Silver, and Min Chen. 2007. In Proceedings of the Sixth Eurographics/Ieee VGTC conference on Volume Graphics (VG’07), Hans-Christian Hege and Raghu Machiraju (Eds.). Eurographics Association, Aire-la-Ville, Switzerland, Switzerland, 91–98. doi:10.2312/VG/VG07/091-098

Feature Aligned Volume Manipulation for Illustration and Visualization. C Correa, D Silver, M Chen. Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on 12 (5), 1069–1076, 2006

Visualizing what lies inside. CD Correa. ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics 43 (2), 5, 2009.

Subsequently, the first author Xin Zhao admitted that she has indeed used some images from other articles without acknowledging or disclosing what she did, giving the wrong impression that the figures are the product of her algorithm. All the other co-authors have not been aware of and have not been involved with this misconduct.

About this article

Cite this article

Zhao, X., Li, B., Wang, L. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Texture-guided volumetric deformation and visualization using 3D moving least squares. Vis Comput 28, 193–204 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-011-0635-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-011-0635-2

Keywords

Navigation