Skip to main content
Log in

Recursive locality preserving projection for feature extraction

  • Methodologies and Application
  • Published:
Soft Computing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we develop a novel feature extractor called recursive locality preserving projection (RLPP). RLPP inherits the advantages of LPP and at the same time makes some improvements. In RLPP, two local weight graphs are constructed. By combining the ideas of LPP and FLDA, a discriminative maximum criterion is proposed to make the local within-class data pairs close and between-class data pairs apart. To further improve the algorithm performance, a simple but effective method is presented to find the statistically uncorrelated discriminative vectors one by one. In this way, each new obtained discriminative vector not only maximizes the discriminative criterion but also contains minimum redundancy. Our experimental results on five databases demonstrate that RLPP is more powerful than the related methods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Belhumeur PN, Hespanha JP, Kriegman DJ (1997) Eigenfaces vs. fisherfaces: recognition using class specific linear projection. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 19(7):711–720

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belkin M, Niyogi P (2003) Laplacian eigenmaps for dimensionality reduction and data representation. Neural Comput 15(6):1373–1396

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Cai D, He X, Han J, Zhang HJ (2006) Orthogonal laplacianfaces for face recognition. IEEE Trans Image Process 15(11):3608–3614

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cover TM, Hart PE (1967) Nearest neighbor pattern classification. IEEE Trans Inform Theory 13(1):21–27

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Duda RO, Hart PE, Stork DG (2001) Pattern classification, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Foley DH, Sammon JW Jr (1975) An optimal set of discriminant vectors. IEEE Trans Comput 24(3):281–289

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Guo J, Qi L, Li Y (2015) Fault detection of batch process using dynamic multi-way orthogonal locality preserving projections. J Comput Inf Syst 11(2):577–586

    Google Scholar 

  • He X, Niyogi P (2003) Locality preserving projections. in NIPS

  • He X, Yan S, Hu Y, Niyogi P, Zhang H (2005) Face recognition using laplacianfaces. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 27(3):328–340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jin Z, Yang JY, Hu ZS, Lou Z (2001a) Face recognition based on the uncorrelated discriminant transformation. Pattern Recognit 34(7):1405–1416

  • Jin Z, Yang JY, Tang ZM, Hu ZS (2001b) A theorem on the uncorrelated optimal discriminant vectors. Pattern Recognit 34(10):2041–2047

  • Jing XY, Zhang D, Jin Z (2003) Improvements on the uncorrelated optimal discriminant vectors. Pattern Recognit 36(8):1921–1923

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Landgrebe DA (2003) Signal theory methods in multispectral remote sensing. Wiley, Chichester

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Liang Z, Shi P (2005) Uncorrelated discriminant vectors using a kernel method. Pattern Recognit 38(2):307–310

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Liang Y, Gong W, Pan Y, Li W (2005) Face recognition using uncorrelated, weighted linear discriminant analysis. Pattern recognition and image analysis. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Li F, Wang J, Tang B, Tian D (2014) Life grade recognition method based on supervised uncorrelated orthogonal locality preserving projection and K-nearest neighbor classifier. Neurocomputing 138:271–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martinez AM, Benavente R (1998) The AR face database. CVC technical report #24, June

  • Martinez AM, Benavente R (2006) The AR face database. http://rvl1.ecn.purdue.edu/aleix/~aleix_face_DB.html

  • Murphy PM, Aha DW (1994) UCI repository of machine learning databases. technical report, Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Calif

  • Nie F, Xiang S, Liu Y, Hou C, Zhang C (2012) Orthogonal vs. uncorrelated least squares discriminant analysis for feature extraction. Pattern Recognit Lett 33(5):485–491

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang B, Li F, Qin Y (2011) Fault diagnosis model based on feature compression with orthogonal locality preserving projection. Chin J Mech Eng 24(5):891–898

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wong WK, Zhao HT (2012) Supervised optimal locality preserving projection. Pattern Recognit 45(1):186–197

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Xiang C, Fan XA, Lee TH (2006) Face recognition using recursive fisher linear discriminant. IEEE Trans Image Process 15(8):2097–2105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xu Y, Yang JY, Jin Z (2003) Theory analysis on FSLDA and ULDA. Pattern Recognit 36(12):3031–3033

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Yang JY, Frangi AF, Zhang D (2003) Uncorrelated projection discriminant analysis and its application to face image feature extraction. Int J Patt Recogn Artif Intell 17(8):1325–1347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yen S, Wu CM, Wang H (2012) A block-based orthogonal locality preserving projection method for face super-resolution. Intell Inf Datab Syst, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 253–262

  • Yu YL, Zhang LM (2008) Orthogonal MFA and uncorrelated MFA. Pattern Recognit Artif Intell 21(5):603–608 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Chu D (2013) Sparse uncorrelated linear discriminant analysis. In: Proceedings of the 30th international conference on machine learning (ICML-13), pp 45–52

  • Zhao H, Sun S (2010) Optimal locality preserving projection. Image Processing (ICIP), 2010 17th IEEE international conference on. IEEE, pp 1861–1864

  • Zhao HT, Yuen PC, Yang JY (2005) Optimal subspace analysis for face recognition. Int J Pattern Recogn Artif Intell 19(3):375–393

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao H, Sun S, Jing Z (2006) Local information based uncorrelated feature extraction. Opt Eng 45(2):020505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng WM, Zhao L, Zou CR (2004) An efficient algorithm to solve the small sample size problem for LDA. Pattern Recognit 37(5):1077–1079

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng ZL, Yang F, Tan WA, Jia J, Yang J (2007) Gabor feature-based face recognition using supervised locality preserving projections. J Signal Proc 87(10):2473–2483

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61305036 and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project 2014M560657.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jie Xu.

Additional information

Communicated by V. Loia.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Xu, J., Xie, S. Recursive locality preserving projection for feature extraction. Soft Comput 20, 4099–4109 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-015-1745-y

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-015-1745-y

Keywords

Navigation