Abstract
Standardization for wireless vehicular communication ensures, as in other domains, interoperability, supports regulations and legislation, and creates larger markets. For the initial deployment of vehicular communication, consistent sets of standards have been created, commonly named C-ITS in Europe and DSRC in the U.S., both relying on the WiFi standard IEEE 802.11. These initial standard sets specify vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication and enable applications primarily for driver information and warnings. The article provides an overview of the key C-ITS and DSRC protocols from a standardization perspective. The article analyzes automated driving as the potential new application domain for vehicular communication, discusses its requirements on communication, and derives potential directions for future releases of the vehicular communication standards.
Zusammenfassung
Standardisierung für drahtlose Fahrzeugkommunikation ermöglicht, wie auf anderen Gebieten, Interoperabilität, unterstützt Regulierung und Gesetzgebung und schafft größere Märkte. Für die bevorstehende Einführung von Fahrzeugkommunikation wurden konsistente Standards entwickelt, und zwar für C-ITS in Europa und DSRC in den USA; beide Systeme basieren auf dem WLAN-Standard IEEE 802.11. Diese initialen Standards spezifizieren Fahrzeug-zu-Fahrzeug- und Fahrzeug-zu-Infrastruktur-Kommunikation und unterstützen hauptsächlich Anwendungen zur Fahrerinformation und -warnung. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über wichtige Kommunikationsprotokolle in C-ITS und DSRC aus einer Standardisierungsperspektive. Der Artikel analysiert automatisiertes Fahren als eine wichtige neue Anwendungsdomäne für Fahrzeugkommunikation, diskutiert die Anwendungsanforderungen an Kommunikation und leitet potentielle Richtungen für zukünftige Releases von Standards für Fahrzeugkommunikation ab.
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Notes
TMC delivers traffic and travel information via the FM broadcast radio.
EFC is another name for road user charging.
Communications Access for Land Mobiles.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
Society of Automotive Engineers.
Similar definitions from the German Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt) and the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) exist.
Cooperative Advanced Cruise Control or Cooperative ACC.
Automatic Repeat reQuest.
Multiple Input-Multiple Output.
Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the German Science Foundation (DFG) within the priority program “Kooperativ interagierende Automobile” (SPP 1835).
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Festag, A. Standards for vehicular communication—from IEEE 802.11p to 5G. Elektrotech. Inftech. 132, 409–416 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-015-0343-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-015-0343-0