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Linear model-based estimation of blood pressure and cardiac output for Normal and Paranoid cases

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Abstract

Provisioning a generic simple linear mathematical model for Paranoid and Healthy cases leading to auxiliary investigation of the neuroleptic drugs effect imposed on cardiac output (CO) and blood pressure (BP). Multi-input single output system identification in consistency with the Z-Transform is considered an essential role in the exploration of linear discrete system identification. Twenty Paranoid and 20 Healthy peer cases have been chosen to lie under study. The generated CO model forming two poles and two zeros produced a root–mean-squared error (RMSE) of 0.109 and an average RMSE of 1.39 due to Paranoid cases. On the other hand, Healthy cases obtained model held three poles and two zeros with RMSE equal to 0.17 and an average of 0.63. The BP model with four poles and two zeros showed a 2.15 and 21.69 for RMSE and an average RMSE, respectively, for Paranoid cases, whereas seven poles and two zeros provided an RMSE of 5.7 and an average RMSE of 17.19 for Healthy cases. The obtained results were provided a generic models of CO with promising outcomes for Paranoid and Healthy cases. Moreover, the BP model has less and yet acceptable results in both Paranoid and Healthy cases.

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to express my deepest sense of Gratitude to Prof. Karl-Jürgen Bär, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Dr. S. Berger, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, who provided us with the valuable Healthy and Paranoid cases of this study.

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  1. Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt

    Mohamed Abdelkader Aboamer

  2. Faculty of Computers and Information, Benha University, Benha, Egypt

    Ahmad Taher Azar

  3. Faculty of Engineering, Systems & Biomedical Engineering Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Khaled Wahba & Abdallah S. A. Mohamed

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  1. Mohamed Abdelkader Aboamer
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Correspondence to Ahmad Taher Azar.

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Aboamer, M.A., Azar, A.T., Wahba, K. et al. Linear model-based estimation of blood pressure and cardiac output for Normal and Paranoid cases. Neural Comput & Applic 25, 1223–1240 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-014-1566-4

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