Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

In-Place Augmented Reality

  • SI: Augmented Reality
  • Published:
Virtual Reality Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we present a vision-based approach for transmitting virtual models for Augmented Reality, which we name In-Place Augmented Reality (IPAR). A two-dimensional representation of the virtual models is embedded in a printed image. We apply computer vision techniques to interpret the printed image and extract the virtual models, which are then overlaid on the printed image. The main advantages of our approach are: (1) the image of the embedded virtual models and their behaviors are understandable to a human without using an AR system and (2) no database or network communication is required to retrieve the models. To demonstrate the technology and test its usability, we implemented several applications and performed a user evaluation. We discuss how the proposed technique can be used for the development of applications in different domains such as education, advertisement, and gaming.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Davis R (2007) Magic paper: sketch-understanding research. Computer 40:34–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Design QR-Code (1994). http://www.denso-wave.com/qrcode/

  • Fiala M (2004) ARTag, an improved marker system based on ARToolkit, NRC institute for information technology

  • Hagbi N, Bergig O, El-Sana J, Kedem K, Billinghurst M (2008) In-Place Augmented Reality. In: 7th IEEE and ACM international symposium on mixed and augmented reality (ISMAR’08), pp 135–138

  • Hartley R, Zisserman A (2003) Multiple view geometry in computer vision, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Intel OpenCV (1999). http://opencvlibrary.sourceforge.net/

  • Kato H and Billinghurst M (1999) Marker tracking and HMD calibration for a video-based augmented reality conferencing system. In: 2nd international workshop on augmented reality, IWAR99, San Francisco, USA

  • Lam L, Lee SW, Suen CY (1992) Thinning methodologies-A comprehensive survey. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 14:879

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Landay JA, Myers BA (2001) Sketching interfaces: toward more human interface design. Computer 34:56–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Langlotz T and Bimber O (2007) Unsynchronized 4D barcodes. International Symposium on Visual Computing, pp. 363–374

  • LaViola J and Zeleznik R (2004) MathPad2: a system for the creation and exploration of mathematical sketches. ACM Trans Graph (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH04) 23: 432–440

    Google Scholar 

  • Lepetit V and Fua P (2006) Keypoint recognition using randomized tree, Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 28, Nr. 9, pp. 1465–1479

    Google Scholar 

  • MXRToolKit (2004). http://mxrtoolkit.sourceforge.net/

  • Nintendo e-Reader (2001). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nintendo_e-Reader

  • Open Dynamics Engine (2001). http://www.ode.org/

  • Rekimoto J and Ayatsuka Y (2000) Cybercode: designing augmented reality environments with visual tags. In: Proceedings of DARE 2000 on designing augmented reality environments

  • Saarelma H (2005) Printed codes—patent survey. Graphic Arts in Finland 34:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Semacode (2004). http://semacode.com/

  • Semapedia (2005). http://www.semapedia.org/

  • Shin M, Kim BS, and Park J (2005) AR storyboard: an augmented reality based interactive storyboard authoring tool. In: Fourth IEEE and ACM international symposium on mixed and augmented reality (ISMAR’05), pp 198–199

  • Studierstube Tracker (2008). http://handheldar.net/stbtracker.php

  • Telea A (2004) An image inpainting technique based on the fast marching method. J Graph Tools 9:25–36

    Google Scholar 

  • The Eye of Judgment (2007). http://www.eyeofjudgment.com/

  • Tsung-Yu L, Tan-Hsu T and Yu-Ling C (2007) 2D barcode and augmented reality supported english learning system. In: Computer and information science Melbourne, Australia, pp 5–10

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the reviewers for their constructive comments. This work was supported by the Lynn and William Frankel Center for Computer Sciences.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Visual Media Lab, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Oriel Bergig, Nate Hagbi, Jihad El-Sana & Klara Kedem

  2. The HIT Lab NZ, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand

    Mark Billinghurst

Authors
  1. Oriel Bergig
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nate Hagbi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jihad El-Sana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Klara Kedem
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mark Billinghurst
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Oriel Bergig.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bergig, O., Hagbi, N., El-Sana, J. et al. In-Place Augmented Reality. Virtual Reality 15, 201–212 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-010-0158-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-010-0158-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation