Abstract
The main role of cancellable biometric schemes is to protect the privacy of the enrolled users. The protected biometric data are generated by applying a parametrized transformation function to the original biometric data. Although cancellable biometric schemes achieve high security levels, they may degrade the recognition accuracy. One of the mostwidely used approaches to enhance the recognition accuracy in biometric systems is to combine several instances of the same biometric modality. In this paper, two multi-instance cancellable biometric schemes based on iris traits are presented. The iris biometric trait is used in both schemes because of the reliability and stability of iris traits compared to the other biometric traits. A generative adversarial network (GAN) is used as a transformation function for the biometric features. The first scheme is based on a pre-transformation feature-level fusion, where the binary features of multiple instances are concatenated and inputted to the transformation phase. On the other hand, the second scheme is based on a post-transformation feature-level fusion, where each instance is separately inputted to the transformation phase. Experiments conducted on the CASIA Iris-V3-Internal database confirm the high recognition accuracy of the two proposed schemes. Moreover, the security of the proposed schemes is analyzed, and their robustness against two well-known types of attacks is proven.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Jain AK, Ross A, Prabhakar S (2004) An introduction to biometric recognition. IEEE Trans Circ Syst Video Tech 14:4–20. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2003.818349
Bharadi VA, et al. (2018) Multi-instance Iris Recognition, The 4th. IntConf. on Comput. Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBEA), pp 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCUBEA.2018.8697811
Khan MK, Zhang J (2018) Multimodal face and fingerprint biometrics authentication on space-limited tokens. Neurocomputing 71:3026–3031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2007.12.017
Bhatnagar G (2015) Wu & q. j. A novel chaos-based secure transmission of biometric data, Neurocomputing 147:444–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2014.06.040
Nguyen K, et al. (2017) Iris recognition with off-the-shelf CNN features: a deep learning perspective. IEEE Access 6:18848–18855. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2784352
Fookes K, et al. (2017) Long range iris recognition: a survey. Pattern Recogn 72:123–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2017.05.021
Morampudi MK, et al. (2020) Multi-instance iris remote authentication using private multi-class perceptron on malicious cloud server. Appl Intell 50:2848–2866. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-01681-9
Umer S, Dhara BC, Chanda B (2016) Texture code matrix-based multi-instance iris recognition. Pattern Anal Appl 19:283–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-015-0482-2
Rathgeb C, Busch C (2012) Multi biometric template protection: Issues and challenges. Trends Dev Biometr:173–190. https://doi.org/10.5772/52152
Yao YF, Jing XY, Wong HS (2007) Face and palmprint feature level fusion for single sample biometrics recognition. Neurocomputing 70:1582–1586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2006.08.009
Jain A. k., Nandakumar K, Nagar A (2008) Biometric template security. URASIP J Adv Signal Process 1:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/579416
Rathgeb C, Uhl A (2011) A.survey on biometric cryptosystems and cancelable biometrics. EURASIP J Inf Secur 3:3–25. https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-417X-2011-3
Soltane M, Messikh L, Zaoui A (2017) A Review Regarding the Biometrics Cryptography Challenging Design and Strategies. Broad Res Artif Intell Neurosci 8:41–64
Tarek M, Ouda O, Hamza T (2016) Robust cancelable biometrics scheme based on neural networks. IET J Biometr 5:220–228. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-bmt.2015.0045
Alwan HB, Ku-Mahamud KR (2020) Cancellable face biometrics template using alexnet. Springer Int Conf Appl Comput Support Indust Innov Tech 1174:336–348. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38752-5_27
Algarni AD, et al. (2020) Efficient implementation of homomorphic and fuzzy transforms in Random-Projection encryption frameworks for cancellable face recognition. Electronics 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9061046
Wang X, Li H (2019) One-factor cancellable palmprint recognition scheme based on OIOM and minimum signature hash. IEEE Access 7:131338–131354. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2938019
Trivedi AK, Thounaojam DM, Pal S (2020) Non-Invertible cancellable fingerprint template for fingerprint biometric. Comput Secur:90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2019.101690
Yang W, et al. (2018) A fingerprint and finger-vein based cancelable multi-biometric system. Pattern Recognit 78:242–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2018.01.026
Soliman RF, Amin M, Abd El-Samie FE (2018) A double random phase encoding approach for cancelable iris recognition. Opt Quant Electron:50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-018-1591-0
Kaur H, Khanna P (2018) Random distance method for generating unimodal and multimodal cancelable biometric features. IEEE Trans Inf Forens Secur 14:709–719. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIFS.2018.2855669
Zakaria Y, et al. (2019) Cancelable multi-biometric security system based on double random phase encoding and cepstral analysis. Multimed Tools Appl 78:32333–32355. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-019-07824-6
Debiasi L et al (2019) Biometric Template Protection in the Image Domain Using Non-invertible Grey-scale Transforms. IEEE Int Worksh Inf Forens Secur:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/WIFS47025.2019.9034984
Creswell A, White T, Dumoulin V, Arulkumaran K, Sengupta B, Bharath A (2018) Generative Adversarial Networks: An Overview. IEEE Signal Process Mag 35:53–65. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSP.2017.2765202
Creswell A, Bharath AA (2018) Inverting the Generator of a Generative Adversarial Network. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 30:1967–1974. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2018.2875194
Masek L, Kovesi P (2003) Matlab source code for a biometric identification system based on iris patterns: The School of Computer Science and Software Engineering. The University of Western Australia
Tarek M, Ouda O, Hamza T (2017) Pre-image Resistant Cancelable Biometrics Scheme Using Bidirectional Memory Model. Int J Netw Secur 19:498–506. https://doi.org/10.6633/IJNS.201707.19(4).02
CASIA iris image database. Available at http://www.cbsr.ia.ac.cn/, (accessed 24 Feb 2021)
Morampudi MK, Veldandi S, Prasad MV, Raju U (2020) Multi-instance iris remote authentication using private multi-class perceptron on malicious cloud server. Appl Intell 50, 2848–2866. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-01681-9
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tarek, M., Hamouda, E. & Abohamama, A.S. Multi-instance cancellable biometrics schemes based on generative adversarial network. Appl Intell 52, 501–513 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-02401-7
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-02401-7