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LPC\(_\mathrm{FreqSchd}\): A local power controller using the frequency scheduling approach for virtualized servers

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Abstract

For more than a decade, the power consumption of data centers has been addressed from different perspectives. Many solutions have been proposed to reduce (or optimize) this power consumption, such as controlling the operation of the servers in data centers. However, these approaches have not yet reached their optimum goals. Existing power control solutions using CPU frequency with an ad hoc or frequency modulator approach are not sufficient. In this paper, we review the power consumption effects of different configuration settings applied to the server’s CPU. We propose our local power controller using frequency scheduling (LPC\(_\mathrm{FreqSchd}\)), which is a server-level power controller that depends on an extended gain scheduling technique. Our proposed LPC\(_\mathrm{FreqSchd}\) considers the impact of different CPU configuration settings that are typically not considered simultaneously, such as the allocated CPU credits and CPU frequency level. Through a real experimental test bed, our LPC\(_\mathrm{FreqSchd}\) exhibits effective power management of different types of machines and outperforms other existing approaches, such as ad hoc and frequency modulation, when the power budget is low. Moreover, our proposed LPC\(_\mathrm{FreqSchd}\) has a very lightweight control actuation overhead compared with other approaches: approximately \(1/10 \mathrm{th}\) of the ad hoc approach’s overhead and \(1/100 \mathrm{th}\) of the frequency modulator approach’s overhead. This lightweight control actuation overhead reduces the power consumption overhead caused by the controller, and it could be used by other controllers, such as performance or thermal controllers running on the same server.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Bldg. E3-2, E6-3211, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea

    Fawaz AL-Hazemi, Dong-Ki Kang, Seong-Hwan Kim, Yuyang Peng, S. H. Shah Newaz & Chan-Hyun Youn

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  1. Fawaz AL-Hazemi
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  2. Dong-Ki Kang
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  3. Seong-Hwan Kim
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  6. Chan-Hyun Youn
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Correspondence to Fawaz AL-Hazemi.

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AL-Hazemi, F., Kang, DK., Kim, SH. et al. LPC\(_\mathrm{FreqSchd}\): A local power controller using the frequency scheduling approach for virtualized servers. Cluster Comput 19, 663–678 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-016-0562-0

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