Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Joint resource trading and computation offloading in blockchain enhanced D2D-assisted mobile edge computing

  • Published:
Cluster Computing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

D2D-assisted mobile edge computing has attracted much attention due to its great potential to reduce the pressure on edge servers and improve the utilization of mobile devices. However, users are usually reluctant to share resources with neighbor devices, considering the limitations on resources and energy, and the concerns about security and privacy. In this paper, we firstly propose a blockchain-based resource-sharing system to solve the trust issues between unfamiliar participants. Under this system, we jointly consider resource trading and computation offloading to reduce energy consumption on the premise of maximizing the utilities of both providers and requesters. Resource trading is modeled as Stackelberg Game, and computation offloading is formalized as a mixed optimization problem. Finally, we propose the corresponding algorithms to efficiently get the optimal trading and offloading strategy. The simulation results show the effectiveness of incentivizing more participants.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

References

  1. Zhang, Z., Chu, D., Chen, X., Moscibroda, T.: Mobile motion gaming: enabling a new class of phone-to-phone action games on commodity phones. IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput. 12, 1487–1501 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Luo, C., Min, G., Yu, F.R., Chen, M., Yang, L.T., Leung, V.C.M.: Energy-efficient distributed relay and power control in cognitive radio cooperative communications. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 31, 2442–2452 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Agiwal, M., Roy, A., Saxena, N.: Next generation 5G wireless networks: a comprehensive survey. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 18(3), 1617–1655 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2016.2532458

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Abbas, N., Zhang, Y., Taherkordi, A., Skeie, T.: Mobile edge computing: a survey. IEEE Internet Things J. 5, 450–465 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, M., Hao, Y.: Task offloading for mobile edge computing in software defined ultra-dense network. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 36, 587–597 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Luo, C., Salinas, S., Li, M., Li, P.: Energy-efficient autonomic offloading in mobile edge computing. In: Proceedings of IEEE DASC’17, (Orlando, FL USA), pp. 581-588 (2017)

  7. Wang, R., Yan, J., Wu, D., Wang, H., Yang, Q.: Knowledge-centric edge computing based on virtualized d2d communication systems. IEEE Commun. Mag. 56, 32–38 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Wen, J., Ren, C., Sangaiah, A.K.: Energy-efficient device-to-device edge computing network: An approach offloading both traffic and computation. IEEE Commun. Mag. 56, 96–102 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Qiao, G., Leng, S., Chai, H., Asadi, A., Zhang, Y.: Blockchain Empowered Resource Trading in Mobile Edge Computing and Networks. In: ICC 2019–2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), pp. 1–6 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC.2019.8761664.

  10. Aitzhan, N.Z., Svetinovic, D.: Security and privacy in decentralized energy trading through multi-signatures, blockchain and anonymous messaging streams. IEEE Trans. Dependable Secure Comput. 15(5), 840–852 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/TDSC.2016.2616861

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Zarrin, J., Wen Phang, H., Babu Saheer, L., et al.: Blockchain for decentralization of internet: prospects, trends, and challenges. Cluster Comput. 24(4), 2841–2866 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Qiang, Q., Nurgaliev, I., Muzammal, M., Jensen, C.S., Fan, J.: On spatio-temporal blockchain query processing. Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 98, 208–218 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Tseng, L., Yao, X., Otoum, S., et al.: Blockchain-based database in an IoT environment: challenges, opportunities, and analysis. Cluster Comput. 23, 2151–2165 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Muzammal, Muhammad, Qiang, Qu., Nasrulin, Bulat: Renovating blockchain with distributed databases: an open source system. Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 90, 105–117 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Li, H., Pei, L., Liao, D., et al.: BDDT: use blockchain to facilitate IoT data transactions. Cluster Comput. 24, 459–473 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Swan, M.: Blocakchain: blueprint for a new economy. O’Reilly Media, Newton (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Liu, Y., Yu, F.R., Li, X., Ji, H., Leung, V.C.M.: Decentralized resource allocation for video transcoding and delivery in blockchain-based system with mobile edge computing. IEEE Trans. Vehicular Technol. 68(11), 11169–11185 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2019.2937351

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Li, M., Hu, D., Lal, C., Conti, M., Zhang, Z.: Blockchain-enabled secure energy trading with verifiable fairness in industrial internet of things. IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform. 16(10), 6564–6574 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2020.2974537

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Fernando, P., Gunawardhana, L., Rajapakshe, W., Dananjaya, M., Gamage, T., Liyanage, M.: Blockchain-Based Wi-Fi Offloading Platform for 5G. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops), pp. 1–6 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops49005.2020.9145369

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Chen, T., Khan, A.S., Zheng, G., Lambotharan, S.: Blockchain secured auction-based user offloading in heterogeneous wireless networks. IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett. 9(8), 1141–1145 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/LWC.2020.2982634

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Li, Z., Yang, Z., Xie, S.: Computing resource trading for edge-cloud-assisted internet of things. IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform. 15(6), 3661–3669 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2019.2897364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Liu, M., Yu, F.R., Teng, Y., Leung, V.C.M., Song, M.: Distributed resource allocation in blockchain-based video streaming systems with mobile edge computing. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 18(1), 695–708 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2018.2885266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhang, Z., Hong, Z., Chen, W., Zheng, Z., Chen, X.: Joint computation offloading and coin loaning for blockchain-empowered mobile-edge computing. IEEE Internet Things J. 6(6), 9934–9950 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2019.2933445

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Liu, K., Chen, W., Zheng, Z., Li, Z., Liang, W.: A novel debt-credit mechanism for blockchain-based data-trading in internet of vehicles. IEEE Internet Things J. 6(5), 9098–9111 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2019.2927682

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. De Souza, A.B., et al.: Computation offloading for vehicular environments: a survey. IEEE Access 8, 198214–198243 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3033828

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Hassija, V., Saxena, V., Chamola, V.: A mobile data offloading framework based on a combination of blockchain and virtual voting. Softw. Pract. Exp. 51(12), 2428–2445 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Hassija, V., Chamola, V., Gupta, V., Chalapathi, G.S.S.: A Blockchain based Framework for Secure Data Offloading in Tactile Internet Environment. In: 2020 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC), pp. 1836–1841 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/IWCMC48107.2020.9148559

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  28. Sheng, M., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Li, J.: Energy-efficient multiuser partial computation offloading with collaboration of terminals, radio access network, and edge server. IEEE Trans. Commun. 68(3), 1524–1537 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2959338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Wen, J., Ren, C., Sangaiah, A.K.: Energy-efficient device-to-device edge computing network: an approach offloading both traffic and computation. IEEE Commun. Mag. 56(9), 96–102 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701054

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Chen, J., Zhao, Y., Xu, Z., Zheng, H.: Resource allocation strategy for D2D-assisted edge computing system with hybrid energy harvesting. IEEE Access 8, 192643–192658 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3032033

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Anoh, K., Maharjan, S., Ikpehai, A., Zhang, Y., Adebisi, B.: Energy peer-to-peer trading in virtual microgrids in smart grids: a game-theoretic approach. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 11(2), 1264–1275 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2019.2934830

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Xiong, Z., Kang, J., Niyato, D., Wang, P., Poor, H.V.: Cloud/edge computing service management in blockchain networks: multi-leader multi-follower game-based ADMM for pricing. IEEE Trans. Services Comput. 13(2), 356–367 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/TSC.2019.2947914

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Yao, H., Mai, T., Wang, J., Ji, Z., Jiang, C., Qian, Y.: Resource trading in blockchain-based industrial internet of things. IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform. 15(6), 3602–3609 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2019.2902563

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Boyd, S., Vandenberghe, L.: Convex Optimization. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2004)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Corless, R.M., Gonnet, G.H., Hare, D.E.G., Jeffrey, D.J., Knuth, D.E.: On the Lambert W function. Adv. Comput. Math. 5(1), 329–359 (1996)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. Wang, Y., Sheng, M., Wang, X., Wang, L., Li, J.: Mobile-edge computing: partial computation offloading using dynamic voltage scaling. IEEE Trans. Commun. 64(10), 4268–4282 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  37. You, C., Huang, K., Chae, H., Kim, B.: Energy-efficient resource allocation for mobile-edge computation offloading. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 16(3), 1397–1411 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2016.2633522

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Ti, N.T., Le, L.B.: Computation offloading leveraging computing resources from edge cloud and mobile peers. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. (ICC) 2017, 1–6 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC.2017.7997138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. You, C., Huang, K., Chae, H.: Energy efficient mobile cloud computing powered by wireless energy transfer. IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun. 34(5), 1757–1771 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Kraft, D.: A software package for sequential quadratic programming. Forschungsbericht- Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (1988)

  41. Powell, M.: A direct search optimization method that models the objective and constraint functions by linear interpolation. Adv. Opt. Numer. Anal. 275, 51–67 (1994)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This research was partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171777), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2572017PZ04), Heilongjiang Province Applied Technology Research and Development Program Major Project (GA20A301).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Information and Computer Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China

    Weipeng Jing, Xinyu Fu & Peng Liu

  2. Department of Electrical, Computer, Software and Systems Engineering, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, FL, 32114, USA

    HouBing Song

Authors
  1. Weipeng Jing
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xinyu Fu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Peng Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. HouBing Song
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by WJ, XF, PL and HS. The first draft of the manuscript was written by XF and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peng Liu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

All authors disclosed no relevant relationships.

Informed consent

Written informed consent for publication of this paper was obtained from the Northeast Forestry University and all authors.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jing, W., Fu, X., Liu, P. et al. Joint resource trading and computation offloading in blockchain enhanced D2D-assisted mobile edge computing. Cluster Comput 26, 635–649 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-022-03651-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-022-03651-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation