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Blind and squaring-resistant watermarking of vectorial building layers

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Abstract

Due to the ease of digital copy, watermarking is crucial to protect the intellectual property of rights owners. We propose an effective watermarking method for vectorial geographical databases, with the focus on the buildings layer. Embedded watermarks survive common geographical filters, including the essential squaring and simplification transformations, as well as deliberate removal attempts, e.g. by noise addition, cropping or over-watermarking. Robustness against the squaring transformation is not addressed by existing approaches. The impact on the quality of the data sets, defined as a composition of point accuracy and angular quality, is assessed through an extensive series of experiments. Our method is based on a quantization of the distance between the centroid of the building and its extremal vertex according to its orientation.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Eric Grosso for his technical support during our experiments and also for our fruitful discussions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire CEDRIC, Spécialité Informatique – CC 432, Conservatoire national des arts & métiers, 292 rue Saint Martin, 75141, Paris Cedex 3, France

    Julien Lafaye

  2. INRIA Saclay, Paris, France

    David Gross-Amblard

  3. Laboratoire Le2i UMR CNRS 5158, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Bourgogne, BP 47870, 21078, Dijon Cedex, France

    David Gross-Amblard

  4. Laboratoire COGIT, Institut Géographique National (IGN), 2/4 Avenue Pasteur, 94 165, Saint Mandé Cedex, France

    Jean Béguec & Anne Ruas

Authors
  1. Julien Lafaye
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  2. Jean Béguec
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  3. David Gross-Amblard
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  4. Anne Ruas
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to David Gross-Amblard.

Additional information

Work partially supported by the ACI Sécurité & Informatique TADORNE grant (2004–2007) and the European Research Council under the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant Webdam, agreement 226513. (http://webdam.inria.fr/).

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Lafaye, J., Béguec, J., Gross-Amblard, D. et al. Blind and squaring-resistant watermarking of vectorial building layers. Geoinformatica 16, 245–279 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-011-0133-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-011-0133-8

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